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Hinduism Global History I: Spiconardi Origins Developed over thousands of years combining the beliefs of the Aryans & Indus peoples NO single founder The word Hindu is derived from the river Sindhu or Indus The Universal Spirit Hindus believe in one unifying spirit called Brahman Brahman is too complex for humans to understand Hindus worship many gods to give a more concrete form to Brahman The Three Main Hindu Gods Brahman The creator Vishnu The preserver Shiva The destroyer Moksha The main goal of life is to achieve union with Brahman Moksha can only occur when you free yourself from all your selfish desires Most people cannot achieve moksha in one lifetime Reincarnation Reincarnation the soul is reborn in a new body Each new lifetime allows you to get closer to moksha Hindus get closer to this union by being born into higher levels of existence Karma & Dharma Karma the deeds & actions (both good & bad) of a person’s life that affects his/her existence in the next life Dharma The moral & religious duties that are expected by of an individual A persons gender, class/caste, age, & occupation can affect his/her dharma The Caste System Caste Social groups into which people are born in & out of You cannot move into a different caste during your life time The Caste System Brahmins (Priests) Kshatriyas (Rulers & Warriors) Vaisyas (merchants, farmers, & artisans) Sudras (non-Aryan farmers & servants) Untouchable (butchers, gravediggers, trash collectors) Other Facts The Ganges River is sacred Bathing in it can purify, cleanse, and cure the sick Upon death many Hindus are cremated & have some of their ashes spread in the Ganges Sacred Texts Bhagavad-Gita most important text; it is a dialogue between a prince and the Vishnu in disguise. Vedas Book of hymns, prayers, and philosophies