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BELLWORK: 2/12 How did the Reign of Terror end? How did Napoleon stabilize the economy? Describe Napoleon’s Civil Code. Why do you think Napoleon is considered one of the greatest military/political leaders of all time? 5. THINKER: What do the English Civil War, American Revolution and French Revolution have in common? 1. 2. 3. 4. Napoleon As Emperor “Great ambition is the passion of a great character. He who is endowed with it, may perform either very great actions, or very bad ones; all depends upon the principles which direct him.” ---Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon’s Legacy Stopped the French Revolution Spread ideas of equality before the law Religious toleration Advancement by merit rather than birth Reformed tax system Promoted education Improved agriculture and industry Video - Napoleon: Steel Monster In this episode of Engineering an Empire, several points will be discussed: Major engineering feats Spending of the French monarchy French Revolution Impact of Napoleon As you watch, complete the worksheet! Napoleon Becomes Emperor 1804, Napoleon declared himself Emperor and took complete control of France. Conflict with Britain France and Britain signed a treaty in 1802 to halt fighting between the nations. By 1805, Napoleon wanted to break the treaty and invade Britain. Battle of Trafalgar— Continental System Napoleon tried to weaken Britain economically He forbade his conquered lands to trade with Britain Britain responded by blockading ships headed towards European ports Britain maintained control of the seas, and the French economy suffered Napoleon’s Empire By 1812, Napoleon controlled most of Europe He controlled land from the Russian border down to Spain Nationalism Napoleon’s dominance in Europe created a strong sense of nationalism in conquered territoriespride in one’s country & desire for self-rule In 1812, Spanish nationalists overthrew Conflict with Russia 1811, Russia resumed trade with Britain and prepared to fight with France 1812, Napoleon assembled 600,000 men to invade Russia Russia adopted the Scorched-Earth Policy— to destroy everything Russia continued… By the time the French retreated from Russia, 400,000 men had died of starvation, exposure to the extreme Russian winter, or battle wounds. October 1813, Russia, Prussia and Austria joined together to defeat Napoleon’s Demise March 1814, Napoleon was forced to abdicate and power was restored to Louis XVIII (brother of Louis XVI) Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba and French borders were restored to where they Napoleon’s Defeat March 1, 1815 Napoleon returned to France and won the support of many people The Hundred Days: the period Napoleon ruled but claimed no more territorial claims June 1815 Britain, Prussia and the Netherlands began an invasion towards France Napoleon met them in Waterloo (Netherlands) Napoleon was easily Napoleon’s Legacy Stopped the French Revolution Spread ideas of equality before the law Religious toleration Advancement by merit rather than birth Reformed tax system Promoted education Improved agriculture and industry Europe After Napoleon Congress of Vienna: Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia met in Vienna (1815) Wanted to work out a peace agreement for Europe Hoped to restore balance of power in Europe by changing national borders and settling disputes among nations Europe after 1815 As a result of the Congress of Vienna, France lost all territory that had been conquered by Napoleon Prussia, Russia, Austria, and Britain divided up the territory amongst themselves French Revolution Review Causes and Effects