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Transcript
CHAPTER 21 World War II Section 2: Hitler’s Aggressions Objectives: How was Adolf Hitler able to take over Austria and Czechoslovakia? How and why did GB and France attempt to avoid another war in Europe? How did GB and France prepare for war in the face of German aggression? Why did Hitler and Stalin create the Nazi-Soviet Pact, and how did Western nations respond to Hitler’s invasion of Poland? SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Rome-Berlin Axis 1936 Axis Powers Anti-Comintern Pact pledged to stop the spread of communism SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions A Nazi Party had formed in Austria – Hitler wanted to TAKE Austria with a show of force. 1938 annexation of Austria by Hitler SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions This British cartoon from 1938 shows Hitler as a poacher, stealing Austria. Mussolini is shown as a bad game-keeper. ‘I never heard a shot, Adolf’’, he is saying. SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Addition of Austria increased Germany’s population, territory, and resources. Germany now controlled the heart of Europe! Reichstag Ovation 1938 Visual Source Hitler’s Aggressions “One People, One Reich, One Leader” SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions The Sudentenland – the area around the rim of Czechoslovakia – had a large population of Germanspeaking people. Taking the Sudenten would leave the country defenseless. Visual Source Hitler’s Aggressions The title is: "80 million Germans live on 580,000 square kilometers." The point is that Germany is overcrowded, and needs more territory. SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Why was Hitler so eager to take Czechoslovakia? Czechoslovakia was an industrial power – It was the Military Weapons Capital of Europe! The Czechs had major raw mineral deposits. Location, location, location! SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Munich Conference 29 Sept 1938 Hitler invited GB & France to discuss the Sudetenland situation. Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of Great Britain GB & France were feared German military strength … they were not prepared to go to war. appeasement SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Visual Source Hitler’s Aggressions 1930s-era Soviet poster by Kukryniksy showing Western powers giving Czechoslovakia to Hitler on a silver platter. SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions March 1939 – German troops invaded Czechoslovakia – within SIX months it would be erased from the map. Mussolini invades Albania in April 1939 . . . . The League of Nations failed to be effective . . . It was completely helpless. SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Preparing for WAR •Britain & France could no longer ignore Hitler & Mussolini •Britain begins to rearm and pushes through conscription •GB joins France in a promise to protect Poland if Germany attacks •Asked USSR to join them but talks dragged with no agreement SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Meanwhile is negotiating Germany andStalin the USSR were with ?? planning to divide Europe up into •Secret negotiations with Germany spheres of influence. •Aug 1939 – Hitler announces a Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact •Publiclywas stated the Germany to that takeGermany western&Poland. Soviet Union would never attack each other The Soviet Union would have a free •Each would remain neutral if the other went war. hand intothe Baltic countries AND •Whatcontrol were the secret parts of the would eastern Poland & treaty? Bessarabia. Political Cartoon Hitler’s Aggressions SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions 1 Sept 1939 Germany attacks Poland without warning. Political Cartoon Hitler’s Aggressions SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Visual Source Hitler’s Aggressions Soviet propaganda poster depicting the Red Army killing the Polish eagle which had supposedly oppressed the Belarusians and Ukrainian peasants under Polish rule. SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Bell Ringer 21.2: What are the events that demonstrate Hitler’s aggression against Czechoslovakia? SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Nazis in Sudetenland Munich Conference martial law occupies Sudetenland Hitler invades! occupies Czechoslovakia SECTION 2 Hitler’s Aggressions Bell Ringer 21.2: What are the events that demonstrate Hitler’s aggression against Czechoslovakia?