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Europe After WWI

Worldwide depression
 High war debt owed by Germany
 High inflation - very high prices
 Massive unemployment
Causes of WWII

Political instability and economic
devastation
 Rise of fascism
 The Allies
 Shift in U.S. war policy (Isolationist to
Lend-Lease/economic aid to direct
involvement)
 Tension between Japan and the U.S.
Political instability
and economic
devastation in
Europe lead to the
rise of FASCISM
FASCIST governments…
 Lead
by dictator
 Blind loyalty
 Ruled with violence and fear
 Extreme nationalism
 Strong military
 Total control over government
FACIST LEADERS
Adolf HitlerGermany
Benito MussoliniItaly
Hideki Tojo-Japan
Winston ChurchillGreat Britain
Joseph
StalinU.S.S.R.
United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Churchill, FDR (U.S), Stalin
Germany Begins
WWII
Invades
Poland - 1939
Invades France -1940
Attacks London in the
Battle of Britain-1940-1941
Blitzkrieglightning warfare
At first, U.S. stays out of
the war… ISOLATIONISM
U.S is not involved
•By 1941, US helped Britain by providing war supplies in a program
called Lend –Lease (economic help for Allies)
•Tensions because of Japanese aggression – FDR stops US industries
from selling goods to Japan, and in 1941 FDR froze all Japanese
assets in the U.S.
•Tojo becomes head of Japanese government in October 1941
and decided it was time to act against the US
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
U.S.
declares
war
against
Japan
Turning Point in Pacific
1942
US beats Japan in
Battle of Midway –Japan
now on the defensive
U.S.S.R beats
Germany at the
Battle of Stalingrad
1942-1943
Germany becomes weaker
and weaker
Turning Point in Western Europe
June 6, 1944
D-Day
Allied forces land to take back
Normandy, France
V-E Day
Victory in Europe

After D-Day, the Allies liberated France,
Belgium, and the Netherlands and pushed
their way into Germany.
 Soviet forces pushed in from the east and
the two groups met in Berlin. Hitler
committed suicide.
May 8, 1945 Germany surrenders.
The Holocaust
a systematic
or planned
attempt to
rid the
world of
Jewish
Aryan-Hitler’s idea of
the perfect race
blond hair and blue eyes
Anti-Semitism
a feeling
of hatred
towards
the Jews
Final Solution

Nazis boycott Jewish stores
 Nazis take away Jewish political rights
taken – no longer citizens and could not
vote
 Nazis violently attacked and burned
synagogues, staged book burnings
 Nazis “final solution” was extermination –
mass murder of Jews
Concentration camps like
Auschwitz and Buchenwald
6 million Jews were
killed
1 ½ million Jewish
children were killed
Millions of blacks,
gypsies, homosexuals
and people with
physical and mental
handicaps were killed
Home-Front
1941-1945

Blacks , Hispanics, and Japanese Americans
served with honor in the military despite
discrimination.
Internment camps
Japanese-Americans either
served in the army or
were sent to live in
“camps” that
were only for
the
JapaneseU.S. was
afraid of
Japanese spies
Women Go to Work
with Rosie the Riveter
Women
took jobs
in the war
factories/
industries
Atomic Bombs
used on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
Harry Truman becomes U.S.
president after FDR dies
Truman gives
the order to
drop the two
atomic bombs
on Japan on
August 6 and
9,1945
Atomic Bomb
Destruction
V-J Day
Japan surrenders on
August 14, 1945
ending WWII
After the War
Marshall Plan
Provided
money to help rebuild
Europe
Attempted to prevent the spread
of communism
Germany gets
split
East
piece is run by U.S.S.R.
and is communist
Western piece is democratic
Japan & U.S.
become allies
Democratic government is set up
U.S. and Japan are friends
United Nations
is Created
Organization where countries
can talk about problems and
try to avoid war