Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
One Man’s Patriot is Another Man’s Terrorist. Young Adolf • • • • Austria Poor student Artist Rejected twice from The Viennese School of Art The Great War • Corporal • Escaped Death at Ypres • Dispatch Runner • Sketched/Painted WWI scenes • Wounded in leg at the Somme • Temporarily blinded by chlorine gas at Ypres Appalled at German Apathy and Anti-War Sentiment • Sight-seeing in Munich while recovering • Blamed Jews • Anti-war conspiracy involving Jews became obsession • “…invisible foes of the German people” • “stabbed in the back” Weimar Republic • Weak fledgling democracy • Signed Treaty of Versailles • Run-Away Inflation • Devaluation of Mark Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928): Remember, It Is Just a Piece of Paper Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei • Nazi • Romanticism, Idealism, Fascism • Nietzsche’s concepts of “breeding upwards” & Social Darwinism • Nationalism (Fichte & Bismarck) • Upper & Middle Class support • Swastika • Storm Troopers/Brownshirts Putsch! (1923) Mein Kampf Great Depression Impact of the Great Depression Nazi Party Election Results Date May '24 Dec '24 May '28 Sept '30 Votes Percentage Seats in Reichstag Background 1,918,300 6.5 32 Hitler in prison 907,300 3 14 Hitler is released from prison 810,100 2.6 12 6,409,600 18.3 107 After the financial crisis. NAZI’s nd become 2 largest in Reichstag 37.4 230 After Hitler’s failed candidacy for the presidency July '32 13,745,800 Nov '32 11,737,000 33.1 196 Mar '33 17,277,000 43.9 288 During Hitler's term as Chancellor of Germany Germany’s Path to Totalitarianism • Paul van Hindenburg nominated Hitler Chancellor (1/30/33) • Hitler, a puppet? A good joke! General Erich Ludendorf’s Prediction (2/1/33) By naming Hitler as Reichschancellor, you have delivered up our holy Fatherland to one of the greatest [rabblerousers] of all time. I solemnly [predict] that this accursed man will plunge our Reich into the abyss and bring our nation into inconceivable misery. Reichstag Fire Who Did It? Hmmm… Enabling Act (3/23/33) Hindenburg Dies • Appointed Fuhrer, Chancellor and Commander in Chief… Busy Guy! • Does this remind you of history repeating itself? Government’s New Role • Supervise labor & business – National Labor Front: organization for workers & employers • Unemployment • German Culture & censorship – Wagner, atheism/pantheism, Hitler’s Youth • Nationalism & propaganda Summer Olympics ‘36 Nuremberg Laws (1935) Nuremburg Laws • • • • Racial Identification 4 grandparents = German Blood ¾ grandparents Jewish = Jewish Others = Jewish Kristallnacht (11/9/38) “Today Germany, Tomorrow the World!” • WWII Nazi Occupation of Europe The Versailles Treaty The League Of Nations Will Save the World! The League Looks Effective… Rhineland (3.7.36) • “The forty-eight hours after the march into the Rhineland were the most nervewracking in my life.” • “If the French had then marched into the Rhineland, we would have had to withdraw.” Axis Powers (Oct. 1936) The Pact of Steel! Axis Test Their Strength (July 1936) • Spanish Civil War • Francisco Franco & the Nationalists The Spanish Civil War Guernica & Pablo Picasso • Technique of Cubism Anschluss March 1938 Sudetenland & the Munich Conference (9/29/38) • “How horrible, fantastic, incredible it is that we should be digging trenches…here because of a quarrel in a faraway country between people of whom we know nothing.” ~Neville Chamberlain “It is peace for our time!” by Neville Chamberlain Appeasement Can I Just Have Czechoslovakia? I just need to expand the Reich… Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Aug. 1939 Danzig: The Polish Corridor Danzig and the Polish Corridor The Phony Raid Aug. 31, 1939 • Disguised as Polish Soldiers • Seized German Radio Station • Hmmm… why would Hitler create this plot? Blitzkrieg! (9/1/39) Tripartite Pact What the heck…let’s add Japan Holocaust • Germany and its “allies” during the War • A German “New Order” • Treatment of Occupied Peoples -- “Mongrelized peoples” --Treatment of Slavs • The importance of “orderly reproduction” or scientific breeding Anti-Semitism • Nuremburg Laws • Warsaw Ghetto 10/40 • Einsatzgruppen • Work Camps v. Death Camps • Final Solution & Eichmann Dachau Arrival at Auschwitz Empty Cans of Zyklon B Mounds of Shoes & Clothes Condemned to the Showers Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 4/1943