Download fascism rises in europe

FASCISM RISES IN EUROPE
FASCISM BELIEFS AND POLICIES
FASCISM: EMPHISIZES LOYALTY TO THE
STATE AND OBEDIENCE TO ITS
LEADERS;PROMISED TO REVIVE THE
ECONOMY, PUNISH THOSE RESPONSIBLE
FOR HARD TIMES, AND RESTORE NAT’L
PRIDE.
4 FASCIST IDEAS SHARED:
1. LOYALTY TO ONE’S COUNTRY.
2. NATIONS MUST STRUGGLE B/C PEACEFUL
STATES WOULD BE CONQUERED.
3. PLEDGE LOYALTY TO AUTHORITARIAN
LEADERS.
4. WORE UNIFORMS OF SPECIFIC COLOR, USED
SPECIAL SALUTES, AND HELD MASS RALLIES.
FASCIST ITALY
 LEADER: BENITO MUSSOLINI; BOLDLY PROMISED
TO RESCUE ITALY BY REVIVING ITS ECONOMY
AND REBUILDING ITS ARMED FORCES.
 IN OCT. OF 1922 APPROX. 30,000 FASCIST
MARCHED ON ROME AND DEMANDED THAT KING
VICTOR EMMANUEL III PUT MUSSOLINI IN
CHARGE OF THE GOVERNMENT.
 MUSSOLINI WAS THEN KNOWN AS EL DUCE
 HE ABOLISHED ALL OTHER PARTIES AND
OUTLAWED DEMOCRACY.
 SECRET POLICE JAILED ALL OPPONENTS.
 ALL MEDIA AND PRINT COULD ONLY CIRCULATE
FASCIST DOCTRINES;STRIKES WERE
OUTLAWED.
HITLER CONTROLS GERMANY
 LEADER: ADOLF HITLER: HIGH SCHOOL
DROPOUT AND FAILED ARTIST; JOINED ARMY
AND WAS TWICE AWARDED THE IRON CROSS
FOR BRAVERY.
 AT THE END OF WWI HITLER JOINED A RIGHT
WING POLITICAL GROUP CALLED THE NATIONAL
SOCIALIST GERMAN WORKERS PARTY, LATER
KNOWN AS THE NAZIS.
 NAZISM: GERMAN FORM OF FASCISM; ADOPTED
THE SWASTIKA OR THE HOOKED CROSS AS ITS
SYMBOL.
 HITLER’S SUCCESS AS AN ORGANIZER AND A
SPEAKER LED HIM TO BE CALLED DER FUHRER
OR THE LEADER OF THE NAZI PARTY.
HITLER CONTROLS GERMANY
 HITLER AND THE NAZIS TRIED TO SIEZE POWER
IN MUNICH BUT WERE UNSUCCESSFUL AND
HITLER WAS ARRESTED AND JAILED.
 WHILE IN JAIL HITLER WROTE MEIN KAMPF: A
BLUEPRINT FOR NAZI GERMANY; HIS BOOK
STATED THAT ARYANS ( PERFECT RACE )
SHOULD BE SET ASIDE FROM NON-ARYANS (
INFERIOR PEOPLE, SUCH AS JEWS, SLAVS, AND
GYPSIES)
 1924 HITLER LEAVES PRISON TO REVIVE THE
NAZI PARTY.
 WHEN AMERICAN LOANS CEASED, GERMAN
UNEMPLOYMENT ROSE TO 30% AND CIVIL
UNREST BROKE OUT; GERMAN PEOPLE THEN
TURNED TO HITLER.
 PAUL VON HINDENBURG NAMES HITLER
CHANCELLOR.
 ENABLING ACT: MADE HITLER THE ABSOLUTE
RULER FOR FOUR YEARS.
 HITLER CREATES TWO GROUPS:
1. SCHUTZSTAFFEL: (SS) MILITANT GROUP
LOYAL TO HITLER ONLY;IN 1934 BRUTALLY
MURDERED HUNDREDS OF HITLER’S
ENEMIES.
2. GESTAPO: HITLER’S SECRET
POLICE;SCARED ALL OF GERMANY INTO
OBEDIENCE.
 NAZIS CONTROLLED THE ECONOMY AND PUT
GERMANS TO WORK BUILDING FACTORIES,
HIGHWAYS, AND WEAPONS.
 UNEMPLOYMENT DURING HITLER’S REIGN
DROPPED FROM 6 MIL. TO 1.5 MIL.
HITLER’S LEADERSHIP:
1. ALL FORMS OF PRESS AND LIT. USED AS
PROPAGANDA.
2. CHURCHES FORBIDDEN TO CRITICIZE
THE NAZI PARTY.
3. ALL CHILDREN HAD TO JOIN HITLER’S
YOUTH ORGANIZATION.
HITLER PASSES ANTI-SEMITISM LAWS.
KRISTALLNACHT: ( THE NIGHT OF BROKEN
GLASS )NOV. 9, 1938 NAZI MOBS ATTACKED
JEWISH HOMES AND BUILDINGS; THIS
SIGNALED THE START OF THE
ELIMINATION OF THE JEWS.
WORLD DRIFTS TOWARD WAR:
 KELLOG-BRAIND PACT: PACT B/N JAPAN AND
CHINATO RESPECT THE BORDERS OF CHINA.
 JAPAN COMES UNDER MILITARY RULE AND TRIES
TO RESTORE TRADITIONAL GOVERNMENT.
 JAPAN INVADES MANCHURIA AND THEN N.
CHINA.
 MUSSOLINI OVERTAKES ETHIOPIA.
 HITLER BEGINS TO REARM AGAINST THE
REGULATIONS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES;
BRITAIN AND FRANCE PRACTICE APPEASEMENT:
THE ACT OF GIVING IN TO AN AGGRESSOR TO
KEEP FROM WAR.
WORLD DRIFTS TOWARD WAR:
 HITLER THEN OCCUPIES THE RHINELAND AND
FRANCE DOES NOTHING.
 THE GERMAN REOCCUPATION OF THE RHINE
GAVE HITLER THREE ADVANTAGES:
 1.STRENGTHENED HITLER’S POWER AND
PRESTIGE IN GERMANY.
 2. BALANCE OF POWER NOW FAVORED
GERMANY.
 3. WEAK RESPONSE BY BRITAIN AND FRANCE
ENCOURAGED HITLER.
 GERMANY JOINS W/ JAPAN AND ITALY TO FORM
THE AXIS POWERS.
WORLD DRIFTS TOWARD WAR:
 SPAIN ERUPTS INTO A CIVIL WAR AND SPAIN’S
FASCIST LEADER FRANCISCO FRANCO IS
HELPED BY HITLER AND MUSSOLINI.
 U.S. PRACTICES ISOLATIONISM: NO POLITICAL
TIES W/ OTHER COUNTRIES.
 U.S. PASSES NUETRALITY ACTS THAT FORBIDS
THE SALE OF ARMS TO ANY NATION AT WAR.
 NOV. 5, 1937 HITLER ANNOUNCED A PLAN TO
TAKE AUSTRIA AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND ADD
THEM TO THE THIRD REICH.
 HITLER THEN TAKES AUSTRIA AND MOVES
TOWARD CZECHOSLOVAKIA;MUSSOLINI THEN
CALLS THE MUNICH CONFERENCE.
WORLD DRIFTS TOWARD WAR:
 MUNICH CONFERENCE: MEETING B/N GERMANY,
FRANCE, BRITAIN, AND ITALY.
 BRITISH PM NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN CONVINCES
ALL PRESENT TO GIVE GERMANY THE
SUDENTLAND IN EXCHANGE FOR HONORING
THE CZECH BORDER.
 ALL AGREE BUT GERMANY BREAKS THE
AGREEMENT SHORTLY AFTER IT IS SIGNED.
 RUSSIA THEN SIGNS A NON-AGGRESSION PACT
WITH GERMANY AND ITALY.