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Propaganda in Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II wikipedia , lookup
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Japanese Aggression In Asia Through World War II Meiji Restoration End Shoganate restored Emperor Constitutional government Westernized Industrialized Rise of Military China in Chaos Fall of Dynastic system due to pressures from imperialism Rise of warlords By 1920s, communism making big impact Pre-WWII Politics in China Chiang Kai-Shek - leader of Nationalist Party - democratic government Mao Zedong - leader of Communist Party (PLA) No clear leadership allows Japanese to start seizing Chinese territory. Russo-Japanese War - 1904 Japanese Occupation of Manchuria Sept. 8, 1931 : Japan occupies Manchuria Province after Mukden Incident Mar. 9, 1932 : Japan sets Pu-Yi as the puppet emperor of Manchuria July 7, 1937 : SinoJapanese War begins Nanjing Holocaust -1937 300,000 Chinese killed in 6 weeks Estimated 20,000 – 80,000 women raped by Japanese Imperial forces Roughly 8,333 Chinese killed per day, every day, for 6 weeks In Auschwitz the peak for one day was 6,000 Japan killed Chinese by hand, Nazi’s performed systematic gassing. Also called the Rape of Nanking Japanese War Crimes In China Yangtze River, December, 1937 – 50,000 Chinese slaughtered while attempting to escape across river Favorite killing methods : infect people with plague bombs, vivisection, freeze people alive, experiments on children, test new weapons on prisoners Three all campaign : kill all, burn all, loot all The Emperor Hirohito 1926-1989 The Emperor Showa of Japan. He had complete control over, and commanded complete loyalty from his subjects. It was his responsibility for starting and ending the wars against China, USA, Britain etc. He was protected from prosecution in 1945 by the US who needed him to keep Japan from collapsing. General Hideki Tojo Prime Minister of Japan and primary military leader. Rose to power in the Manchukuo ‘Kwantung’ army Nicknamed the ‘razor’ Keen on ultra nationalistic secret societies. Responsible for 8m civilian deaths, countless deaths and experiments on prisoners of war. Commemorated at the Yasukuni Shrine. Apologized for military atrocities on his death. Executed for war crimes 1948 Reasons for Attack on Pearl Harbor 1937 U.S. imposes economic sanctions and boycott of oil after Japanese invasion China. Japan sees U.S. as only obstacle to domination of Asia. Japanese Aggression In South East Asia Dec 7, 1941 – Japan begins attacks on Pearl Harbor, Thailand, Malaya, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Philippines and Singapore. Japanese Advancement In South East Asia Dec 8, 1941 – Japan attacks the Philippines Dec 14, 1941 – Japan attacks Burma Dec 25, 1941 – Hong Kong falls to Japan Feb 15, 1942 – Singapore surrenders to Japan Mar 23, 1942 – Japan captures Andaman Islands Warm up What was the turning point battle in the Pacific Theater? Midway - June 4, 1942 U.S. breaks Japanese code Sets trap Ambushes Japanese fleet Four Japanese aircraft carriers are sunk Japanese navy never recovers Japanese Internment To prevent possible sabotage and espionage, Japanese citizens on U.S. west coast only were sent to internment camps. Island Hopping Military strategy used to defeat the Japanese Focus on strategically important islands that were not well defended but capable of supporting the drive to the main islands of Japan. Iwo Jima (Feb. 1945), Okinawa (Apr. 1945) Tarawa – November 1943 Iwo Jima – Feb. 1945 Okinawa – Apr. 1945 Japanese Prison Camps Singapore : Changi, a “Country Club” for most of the war China : Basically every city on eastern side Philippines - Bataan Death March Korea : 4 prisons, 1 hospital(experiments) And Numerous Islands built to hold prisoners Battle of the BulgeDec. 1944 to January 1945 Last German offensive