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An End of Isolation
Leads to War
End of Japanese Isolation
• Like China, Japan was an isolated nation for much
of its history
– 1853 American Commodore Matthew Perry enters
Tokyo Harbor demanding trade opportunities
• Some Japanese resisted this
• Some Japanese supported this
• Japan’s shogun realized they were no match for
Perry’s cannons and steam ships
– Treaty of Kanagawa was signed allowing the U.S. the
right to trade in Japan
• Many Japanese upset over this and at the shogun
Meiji Restoration
• 1868 the shogun is forced to step down
– A 15 year old emperor gains power
• Emperor and samurai believe it is time to modernize Japan
• Three new goals for Japan
– 1. Secure resources and gather wealth
– 2. Modernize and strengthen the military
– 3. Westernize culture and society
• Equal law for everyone
– Samurai power diminished
– Women gain more power and value as factory workers
– Education becomes important
Nationalism and Militarism
• During the early 1900s the Japanese modernized
• 1929 the Great Depression slows their growth to
almost “zero”
– Japanese people get mad with the government
– Military dictators take power
• Promote nationalism
– Extreme pride in your country
• Promote militarism
– Extreme support and pride for the military
• Japan begins to use their military
– Invade China and eventually ally with Hitler’s Germany
World War II
• To keep their military going the Japan are forced into war
• Remember their limited space and resources
• They needed oil, metals, farmland, water, and land
• The Japanese also took the warrior code
(Bushido) with them into World War II
• “Kamikaze” pilots followed Bushido
– Gave up their life and crashed plane into a target
• Sacrifice their life for the good of the country and showed
their honor and discipline
World War II
• The United States did not support Japan’s
invasion of China or other islands around them
– U.S. cuts off oil and resources
• Japan tries to negotiate, but U.S. not interested
• Japan plans surprise attack on U.S. to gain
control of the entire Pacific and its resources
– Pearl Harbor
• December 7, 1941 Japanese bomb the harbor in Hawaii
• The attack destroyed or very badly damaged 8 ships
• Killed 2,500 sailors
– This attack allowed Japan to conquer Hong Kong, the
Philippines, Burma, and the Dutch West Indies
• Get the resources they need
World War II
• After Pearl Harbor the U.S. officially joins WWII
– Brutal battles occurred between the countries
• Iwo Jima and Okinawa
– U.S. bombs Japanese cities and destroy war ships
• Japan is on the verge of collapse
• The Bushido code makes it difficult for the
Japanese to realize or accept defeat
– Vow to fight till the death
• U.S. President Truman decides to drop two
atomic bombs in 1945
– Hiroshima and Nagasaki
– Japan admits defeat and surrender on Aug 15, 1945
After World War II
• Atomic bombs devastate Japan and its economy
– Even U.S. did not know its power
• After the war the United States rebuilt Japan
– Became a manufacturing powerhouse
• They now produce huge amounts of cars, trucks,
computers, televisions, and other electronics
• Education became even more important
– Students go to school 6 days a week
– Only 6 weeks off in the summer
– Kids who want to go to college attend “Jukus”
• Extra school that students go to after normal school