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Software Space II •http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w06zvM2x_lw Software and the Automatic Production of Space (Part Two) Based on your reading: The Automatic Production of Space by Nigel Thrift & Shaun French http://www.dourish.com/classes/readings/ThriftFrench-AutomaticProductionSpace.pdf So far… • “Wherever we go… • Driving in the car in modern • Stopping at the red urbanized spaces, light, we are directed by • Crossing the road software: • Getting into an • Nigel Thrift, Knowing Capitalism p. 169. elevator • Using the washing machine “Phenomenality” • “… new landscapes of code… beginning to make their own emergent ways.” •… only just beginning to be questioned by social sciences and humanities… Part Two 1. What is the nature of software? 2. Consider software as ‘local intelligence’ 3. Consider how software recognizes and plays to human emotions 4. Consider notion of “play” 5. Six developments in software spaces 3. Consider how software recognizes and plays to human emotions? Recognition software • Part of a wider school of biometric technologies • Designed to recognize individuals from their distinguishing traits • A range of security uses – – – – electronic fingerprinting iris coding hand geometry palm print recognition • Watch http://www.youtu be.com/watch?v =n8wJ8tjmnmU &feature=related Speech recognition – Call centres – Consumer and Business software – Toys Recognises Pitch Air flow Speech energy Vocal tract Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCXVMiHvKpc Mind reading Glasses “… interprets facial expressions and head movements in order to understand people’s emotional states like concentrating, thinking, agreeing, interested, confused, and disagreeing…etc. Read More: web.media.mit.edu/~jackylee/mgl ass.htm Emotion Jacket • “… contained a web of sensors to record heart rate, respiration, muscle tension and skin conductivity.” “… a real-time graphical display of… physiological read-outs on a large screen above the orchestra, creating an abstract artwork that moves, changes, and grows as the readings fluctuate.” Read More: museum.mit.edu/150/e ntries/tag/arts Affective Tigger Toy The Affective Tigger senses this physical interaction, Bounce him along the floor, or hug and kiss him. www.media.mit.edu/.../projects/Atigger.html 4. Consider notion of “play” Virtual Friends and Pets • “Such icons now encompass a whole range of agencies, including not only roles in games but also intelligent avatars like virtual pets and virtual friends, and the intent to go one better is also clear: Just like real creatures, some agents will act as pets and others will be more like free agents. Some agents will belong to a user, will be maintained by a user, and will live mostly in that user’s computer.” (Pattie Maes (MIT), cited in Suchman, 2001, p. 9) Virtual Pets in HCI • “Basically, we’re trying to change the nature of human– computer interaction … users will not only be manipulating things personally, but will also manage some agents that work on their behalf.” (Pattie Maes (MIT), cited in Suchman, 2001, p. 9) History of Virtual Pets Tamagotchi •“A primitive reactive intelligence” •Developed by the Japanese company Bandai in the mid 1990s •A virtual pet in cheap wristwatch form, consisting of a small LCD screen and three buttons •As it ‘grew up’ it changed its behaviour •Required feeding and nurturing, accomplished by pressing the right buttons •Similar to Giga Pets See Thrift p. 190 Virtual Pets •Augmented Reality Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0bitKDKdg0 FurReal Pets Watch ad for Biscuit My Lovin Pup http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBy0B4OPHI4 Animatronics Voice Touch Every kid wishes that they could have a puppy of their very own to love and care for. Only FurReal Biscuit My Lovin Pup lets that experience come to life with a life-size Golden Retriever puppy. The sophisticated animatronics enable this dog to respond to kids just how a puppy would in real life. His head, ears and tail really move! Kids will have endless fun and interactive play, just as they could have with a real dog. Biscuit will listen to and respond to 6 voice commands like 'sit up and beg' and 'give me a paw'. Thus enabling kids to show their friends the wonderful 'tricks' their pup can do. Feed him with the bone and tasty treat which he can sniff and chomp. Biscuit even responds to your touch! This is an amazing present for any animal lover. With FurReal Friends there is no added cost of vet bills or feeding. The perfect way for children to learn responsibility and engage in roleplay. FurReal Friends - Scamps My Playful Pup Watch FurReal Friends Playful Pup Commercial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uKCv7AWNvY … a very smart puppy! He's cute, cuddly and loveable, and wants to be your best friend. You can teach him tricks! He understands commands and will follow them! Say "Sit" and he'll sit. "Howl" and he'll howl! "Sit Up and Beg" and he'll beg for your attention! "Count One" and he'll bark once! "Add One Plus One" and he'll bark twice! Reward him by petting his back and saying "Good Dog" and he'll want to play even more! Scamps comes complete with Rope, Dog Biscuit and Adoption Certificate! The more you play with him the more he'll do! Pony and Cat FurReal Friends Butterscotch Pony - Hot Gift for Girls 2008 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bPsKw-_sbE&feature=related Guinea Pig and Monkey My Real Baby My Real Baby • • • 3.1 pounds doll launched in 2000 and aimed at children of age three and up. Developed as a collaboration between Hasbro and a company called iRobot (founded in the 1990s by the already mentioned AI researcher Rodney Brooks, Director of the MIT AI Laboratory). …web of sensors and a ‘behaviour language system’ to produce hundreds of facial expressions, numerous combinations of sounds and words, and the ability to react to touch, motion, and light. • Highly expressive… able to develop behaviour – Six-month - two-year-old’s language capacity • learning through simple interaction with the environment rather than centralized cognition • But, though My Real Baby sold relatively well, it was probably too complex for the market: See Robot Vacuums http://www.irobot.com/uk/ Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxKfWxzvubI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RR9R_Enus10&feature=results_main&playnext=1&list=PLB69FA2B9C22691CB Intelligent Toys? How are our relationships with toys changing? The Rise of the Supertoy Play Advert https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW7dh3fdYlA Glimpse into the future? AI and Thrift’s Argument • “[AI] conjures up a world in which toys, powered by complex software, have all but come alive, creating all kinds of keen ethical dilemmas.” • “The story was set well into the future. Yet perhaps – or so I will argue – that future is about to covertly arrive.” The Rise of the Supertoy New Social Contexts • AI Trailer • http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=sqS83f-NUww • Meet Teddy • http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=3JMvs5f0Mks • http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=hYbTKIe43GQ Thrift’s Argument • “… commodities are coming ‘alive’.” • “…. posing questions for us about what it is to be ‘human’.” Virtual Friends • http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=CPIbGnB QcJY&feature=relmfu Six Developments Six Developments in Software Spaces 1. Ubiquitous Computing 2. Context-Dependent 3. Time (always on…) 4. Artificial Intelligence 5. Non-Task Orientated 6. New Connectivities One: Ubiquitous Computing • “… the geography of computing is changing shape.” • “… computing is now moving out to inhabit all parts of the environment.” One: Ubiquitous Computing • “… users are… mobile.” • “Computing… part of everyday environments • ‘ubiquitous’ • ‘pervasive’ • ‘everywhere’ • Watch Video • Shopping Example from Metro Group’s Future Store Initiative http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VII -xdg5Ak&feature=related • Two: Context-Dependent • “… devices will [GPS, RFIDs], become more location-aware, knowing where they are in relation to users and other devices.” Two: Context-Dependent • Computing… “understood as a network of devices” • How RFID works and some of the issues it raises… • Watch videos at home or in seminar • IBM RFID Commercial - The Future Market http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= eob532iEpqk&feature=related • • Issues around freedom, power… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= yNPDgudPmXE&feature=related Three: Time • The time of computing is changing. • ‘… being always on, the net will be woven with the fabric of our lives’ (New Scientist, 21 October 2000, p. 34 cited in Thrift). Computing will become a constant cloud of activity Four: AI • Through the advent of ‘soft’ computing based on algorithms that have a capacity to ‘learn’… • “… computing is becoming adapted to and modulated by the user.” Four: AI • “…increasingly second guess[ing] the user.” • “… a part of how they decide to decide.” • Examples of how software decides for you? Welcome to the Brave New World of Persuasion Profiling http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/04/st_e ssay_persuasion_profiling/ ASIMO is learning • New ASIMO, learning capabilities • Watch • http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=18wSJs6 LIc0&feature=related Five: Non-Task Orientated • Computing “… no longer as a primary task but as a subsidiary part of many different practices.” Five: Non-Task Orientated • “Increasingly, the assumption is that the user will be doing something else at the same time as doing computing.” • “… augment rather than monopolize attention…” Five: Non-Task Orientated • Wearables Watch Video • Motorola New Life Forms - "Hearing Hand" • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzzQsuwuiss&feature =related • See also • Motorola New Life Forms - "Mood Hood" • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNu4VS8i16c&feature =related Six: New Connectivities Six: New Connectivities • “… computing is becoming more and more connective.” • “more… communication will be interdevice.” Six: New Connectivities • “…users… increasingly… encapsulated in layer upon layer of more and more active computing power.” Everyware Six: New Connectivities • “Of course, such a move to ubiquitous computing is not without its problems, especially those of privacy and control.” Closer to the Machine? Social Context? Closer to the Machine? • Software Space • “Software has infused into the very fabric of everyday life” • But “…brings no… level of questioning in its wake.” Seminar • Next Week – 19th • Pitching your experience • Today, think through • (a) how concepts can help inform your essay and (b) S&W of concepts Concepts Strengths and Weaknesses Concepts Explored • Part of a third paradigm of HCI research • User Experience (UX) – “felt” experiences • Affect/Emotions • Ubicomp – everyware, software spaces UBICOMP • IBM RFID Commercial - The Future Market http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eob532iEpqk &feature=related • Issues around freedom, power… • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNPDgudPm XE&feature=related • Software interwoven with everyday life: Watch – Motorola’s New Life Forms - "Always Connected" • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78QBVEJUqX s Ubiquitous Computing • Strengths • Weaknesses • New space of interaction • Privacy • Surveillance • Less fuss and bother than clunky desktop (Norman) • It’s everyware! UX and “felt” experiences • Strengths • Weaknesses • Focuses on more than just use • Focuses on more than just the device • Not just what people think, but how they feel about an experience • Vague in terms of how to measure or quantify experience • Good/Bad • Satisfied/Frustrated Affect and Emotion • Strengths • Weaknesses • Provides a model of the processing of experience (Norman) • Privacy – invasive • Subjective?? (Universal?) • Can be expensive – EEG • Has a mind of its own – how to read it? • Easy to implement • Affective valence (positive/negative) • Look at the face Discuss pitches for next week