Download Software and the Automatic Production of Space

Software Space II
•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w06zvM2x_lw
Software and the Automatic
Production of Space (Part
Two)
Based on your reading: The Automatic Production of Space by Nigel Thrift & Shaun
French
http://www.dourish.com/classes/readings/ThriftFrench-AutomaticProductionSpace.pdf
So far…
• “Wherever we go… • Driving in the car
in modern
• Stopping at the red
urbanized spaces,
light,
we are directed by • Crossing the road
software:
• Getting into an
• Nigel Thrift, Knowing Capitalism p.
169.
elevator
• Using the washing
machine
“Phenomenality”
• “… new landscapes
of code… beginning
to make their own
emergent ways.”
•… only just beginning to be
questioned by social sciences
and humanities…
Part Two
1. What is the nature of
software?
2. Consider software
as ‘local intelligence’
3. Consider how
software recognizes
and plays to human
emotions
4. Consider notion of
“play”
5. Six developments
in software spaces
3. Consider how software recognizes
and plays to human emotions?
Recognition software
• Part of a wider school of
biometric technologies
• Designed to recognize
individuals from their
distinguishing traits
• A range of security uses
–
–
–
–
electronic fingerprinting
iris coding
hand geometry
palm print recognition
• Watch
http://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v
=n8wJ8tjmnmU
&feature=related
Speech recognition
– Call centres
– Consumer and
Business software
– Toys
Recognises
Pitch
Air flow
Speech energy
Vocal tract
Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCXVMiHvKpc
Mind
reading
Glasses
“… interprets facial
expressions and head
movements in order to
understand people’s
emotional states like
concentrating,
thinking, agreeing,
interested, confused,
and disagreeing…etc.
Read More:
web.media.mit.edu/~jackylee/mgl
ass.htm
Emotion Jacket
•
“… contained a web of
sensors to record heart
rate, respiration,
muscle tension and
skin conductivity.”
“… a real-time
graphical display of…
physiological read-outs
on a large screen
above the orchestra,
creating an abstract
artwork that moves,
changes, and grows as
the readings fluctuate.”
Read More:
museum.mit.edu/150/e
ntries/tag/arts
Affective Tigger Toy
The Affective Tigger senses this physical interaction, Bounce him
along the floor, or hug and kiss him.
www.media.mit.edu/.../projects/Atigger.html
4. Consider notion of “play”
Virtual Friends and Pets
• “Such icons now encompass a whole
range of agencies, including not only
roles in games but also intelligent
avatars like virtual pets and virtual
friends, and the intent to go one better is
also clear: Just like real creatures, some
agents will act as pets and others will be
more like free agents. Some agents will
belong to a user, will be maintained by a
user, and will live mostly in that user’s
computer.” (Pattie Maes (MIT), cited in Suchman, 2001, p. 9)
Virtual Pets in HCI
• “Basically, we’re
trying to change the
nature of human–
computer interaction
… users will not only
be manipulating
things personally, but
will also manage
some agents that
work on their behalf.”
(Pattie Maes (MIT), cited in Suchman, 2001,
p. 9)
History of Virtual Pets
Tamagotchi
•“A primitive reactive intelligence”
•Developed by the Japanese company Bandai
in the mid 1990s
•A virtual pet in cheap wristwatch form,
consisting of a small LCD screen and three
buttons
•As it ‘grew up’ it changed its behaviour
•Required feeding and nurturing,
accomplished by pressing the right buttons
•Similar to Giga Pets See Thrift p. 190
Virtual Pets
•Augmented Reality Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0bitKDKdg0
FurReal Pets
Watch ad for Biscuit My Lovin Pup
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBy0B4OPHI4
Animatronics
Voice
Touch
Every kid wishes that they could have a puppy of their very own to love and care for. Only FurReal Biscuit
My Lovin Pup lets that experience come to life with a life-size Golden Retriever puppy. The sophisticated
animatronics enable this dog to respond to kids just how a puppy would in real life. His head, ears and tail
really move! Kids will have endless fun and interactive play, just as they could have with a real dog. Biscuit
will listen to and respond to 6 voice commands like 'sit up and beg' and 'give me a paw'. Thus enabling
kids to show their friends the wonderful 'tricks' their pup can do. Feed him with the bone and tasty treat
which he can sniff and chomp. Biscuit even responds to your touch! This is an amazing present for any
animal lover. With FurReal Friends there is no added cost of vet bills or feeding. The perfect way for
children to learn responsibility and engage in roleplay.
FurReal Friends - Scamps My Playful
Pup
Watch FurReal Friends Playful Pup Commercial
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uKCv7AWNvY
… a very smart puppy! He's cute, cuddly and loveable, and
wants to be your best friend. You can teach him tricks! He
understands commands and will follow them! Say "Sit" and
he'll sit. "Howl" and he'll howl! "Sit Up and Beg" and he'll
beg for your attention! "Count One" and he'll bark once!
"Add One Plus One" and he'll bark twice! Reward him by
petting his back and saying "Good Dog" and he'll want to
play even more! Scamps comes complete with Rope, Dog
Biscuit and Adoption Certificate! The more you play with
him the more he'll do!
Pony and Cat
FurReal Friends Butterscotch Pony - Hot Gift for Girls 2008
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bPsKw-_sbE&feature=related
Guinea Pig and Monkey
My Real Baby
My Real Baby
•
•
•
3.1 pounds doll launched in 2000
and aimed at children of age three
and up.
Developed as a collaboration
between Hasbro and a company
called iRobot (founded in the
1990s by the already mentioned
AI researcher Rodney Brooks,
Director of the MIT AI Laboratory).
…web of sensors and a
‘behaviour language system’ to
produce hundreds of facial
expressions, numerous
combinations of sounds and
words, and the ability to react to
touch, motion, and light.
•
Highly expressive… able to
develop behaviour
– Six-month - two-year-old’s
language capacity
•
learning through simple interaction
with the environment rather than
centralized cognition
•
But, though My Real Baby sold
relatively well, it was probably too
complex for the market:
See Robot Vacuums
http://www.irobot.com/uk/
Watch:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxKfWxzvubI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RR9R_Enus10&feature=results_main&playnext=1&list=PLB69FA2B9C22691CB
Intelligent Toys?
How are our relationships with toys
changing?
The Rise of the Supertoy
Play Advert https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW7dh3fdYlA
Glimpse into the future?
AI and Thrift’s Argument
• “[AI] conjures up a world
in which toys, powered
by complex software,
have all but come alive,
creating all kinds of keen
ethical dilemmas.”
• “The story was set well
into the future. Yet
perhaps – or so I will
argue – that future is
about to covertly arrive.”
The Rise of the
Supertoy
New Social Contexts
• AI Trailer
• http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=sqS83f-NUww
• Meet Teddy
• http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=3JMvs5f0Mks
• http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=hYbTKIe43GQ
Thrift’s Argument
• “… commodities
are coming
‘alive’.”
• “…. posing
questions for us
about what it is
to be ‘human’.”
Virtual Friends
• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=CPIbGnB
QcJY&feature=relmfu
Six Developments
Six Developments
in Software Spaces
1.
Ubiquitous Computing
2.
Context-Dependent
3.
Time (always on…)
4.
Artificial Intelligence
5.
Non-Task Orientated
6.
New Connectivities
One: Ubiquitous Computing
• “… the geography of
computing is
changing shape.”
• “… computing is now
moving out to inhabit
all parts of the
environment.”
One: Ubiquitous Computing
• “… users are… mobile.”
• “Computing… part of
everyday environments
• ‘ubiquitous’
• ‘pervasive’
• ‘everywhere’
•
Watch Video
•
Shopping Example from Metro
Group’s Future Store Initiative
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VII
-xdg5Ak&feature=related
•
Two: Context-Dependent
• “… devices will
[GPS, RFIDs],
become more
location-aware,
knowing where
they are in relation
to users and other
devices.”
Two: Context-Dependent
•
Computing… “understood as a
network of devices”
•
How RFID works and some of the
issues it raises…
•
Watch videos at home or in
seminar
•
IBM RFID Commercial - The
Future Market
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
eob532iEpqk&feature=related
•
•
Issues around freedom, power…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
yNPDgudPmXE&feature=related
Three: Time
• The time of
computing is
changing.
• ‘… being always on,
the net will be woven
with the fabric of our
lives’ (New Scientist, 21 October
2000, p. 34 cited in Thrift).
Computing will become a constant
cloud of activity
Four: AI
• Through the advent of
‘soft’ computing
based on algorithms
that have a capacity
to ‘learn’…
• “… computing is
becoming adapted to
and modulated by the
user.”
Four: AI
• “…increasingly
second guess[ing] the
user.”
• “… a part of how they
decide to decide.”
• Examples of how
software decides for
you?
Welcome to the Brave New World of
Persuasion Profiling
http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/04/st_e
ssay_persuasion_profiling/
ASIMO is learning
• New ASIMO, learning
capabilities
• Watch
• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=18wSJs6
LIc0&feature=related
Five: Non-Task Orientated
• Computing “… no
longer as a primary
task but as a
subsidiary part of
many different
practices.”
Five: Non-Task Orientated
• “Increasingly, the
assumption is that the
user will be doing
something else at the
same time as doing
computing.”
• “… augment rather than
monopolize attention…”
Five: Non-Task Orientated
• Wearables
Watch Video
• Motorola New Life Forms - "Hearing Hand"
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzzQsuwuiss&feature
=related
• See also
• Motorola New Life Forms - "Mood Hood"
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNu4VS8i16c&feature
=related
Six: New Connectivities
Six: New Connectivities
• “… computing is
becoming more and
more connective.”
• “more…
communication will be
interdevice.”
Six: New Connectivities
• “…users…
increasingly…
encapsulated in layer
upon layer of more
and more active
computing power.”
Everyware
Six: New Connectivities
• “Of course, such a
move to ubiquitous
computing is not
without its
problems,
especially those of
privacy and
control.”
Closer to the Machine? Social Context?
Closer to the Machine?
• Software Space
• “Software has infused
into the very fabric of
everyday life”
• But “…brings no…
level of questioning in
its wake.”
Seminar
• Next Week – 19th
• Pitching your
experience
• Today, think through
• (a) how concepts can
help inform your
essay and (b) S&W of
concepts
Concepts
Strengths
and Weaknesses
Concepts Explored
• Part of a third paradigm of HCI research
• User Experience (UX) – “felt” experiences
• Affect/Emotions
• Ubicomp – everyware, software spaces
UBICOMP
• IBM RFID Commercial - The Future Market
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eob532iEpqk
&feature=related
• Issues around freedom, power…
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNPDgudPm
XE&feature=related
• Software interwoven with everyday life:
Watch – Motorola’s New Life Forms - "Always
Connected"
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78QBVEJUqX
s
Ubiquitous Computing
• Strengths
• Weaknesses
• New space of
interaction
• Privacy
• Surveillance
• Less fuss and bother
than clunky desktop
(Norman)
• It’s everyware!
UX and “felt” experiences
• Strengths
• Weaknesses
• Focuses on more
than just use
• Focuses on more
than just the device
• Not just what people
think, but how they
feel about an
experience
• Vague in terms of
how to measure or
quantify experience
• Good/Bad
• Satisfied/Frustrated
Affect and Emotion
• Strengths
• Weaknesses
• Provides a model of
the processing of
experience (Norman)
• Privacy – invasive
• Subjective??
(Universal?)
• Can be expensive –
EEG
• Has a mind of its own
– how to read it?
• Easy to implement
• Affective valence
(positive/negative)
• Look at the face
Discuss pitches for next week