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Word Picture/Symbol Definition Word Picture/Symbol Definition Beat Steady pulse of the music Tempo The speed of the beat (fast or slow) Meter Groupings of rhythmic pulses using strong and weak patterns Strong – weak pattern Duple Meter Triple Meter Strong – weak – weak pattern Quadruple Meter Strong - weak – semistrong- weak pattern The correct way of sitting or standing that allows for better breathing and singing Longer and shorter sounds and silences that go over top the beat Alignment Rhythm Meter Signature or Time Signature Notes 4 4 Designates the pattern in which pulses are organized Written symbols for sound in music Quarter Note Sounds as “ta” Half Note Sounds as “too” Whole Note Sounds as “toh” Rests Written symbols for silence in music Quarter Rest Sounds as “sh” Half Rest Sounds as “sh-hh” Whole Rest Sounds as “sh-hh-hh-hh” Melody The main tune of the song Harmony A complimentary part to the melody Bar lines Vertical lines used to organize beat patterns Measures Indicates one complete pattern (from barline to barline) Double Bar Line Indicates the end of a section or piece Stem Part of a note Head Part of a note Beam Part of a note Flag Part of a note Staff Five lines and four spaces that music is written on Dotted Half note Three beats pronounced as “too- oo –oo” Dotted quarter note One and a half beats pronounced as “ta” Major Key that centers around “Do” Minor Key that centers around “La” Legato smooth Staccato . Short or detached Tie Connects notes of the same pitch to make it longer Slurs Make notes that are slurred legato Syncopation Rhythms that are “off the downbeat” Single 8th note Half of a quarter note Single 8th rest Half of a quarter rest Two 8th notes Subdivision of quarter note said “Ta-di” Dynamics The Loudness and softness of sound Pianissimo pp Very soft Piano p soft Mezzo piano mp Medium soft Mezzo forte mf Medium loud Forte f loud Fortissimo ff Very loud Crescendo Decrescendo Gradually getting louder Gradually getting softer Sforzando sfz Changing volume suddenly from loud to soft Subito Sub. Changing volume suddenly Dal segno Al coda D.S. al coda Go back to the sign until Instructions for the coda Dal capo D.C. Back to the head (beginning) Segno (al segno) The sign Coda “Tail” or the ending Fine Fine Fermata The End A pause or sustain Triplet A group of three notes, dividing the beat evenly Sixteenth note A note receiving 1/4th of a beat Sixteenth rest A rest receiving 1/4th of a beat 4 sixteenth notes Pronounce as “ta-ka-di-mi” Flat Lowers the note by a half step Sharp Raises the note by a half step Natural Returns note to original key
