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AP Biology Saturday Session 3 Evolution as a Process Session 1 - Microevolution Question 1 C Clue: it’s neck Question 2 B Clue: evidence and reasoning = true Question 3 D Clue: resistance…to survive over time Artificial Selection Backfiring Question 4 A Clue: same embryonic tissues Supporting Evidence Homologous Structures Supporting Evidence Embryological Homologies Supporting Evidence Molecular Homologies Analogous Structures Question 5 B Clue: look essentially the same = same environmental pressures Biogeography and Convergent Evolution Galapagos Islands close up (Adaptive Radiation) Darwin’s Galapagos Island finches Modes of Speciation Allopatric speciation Sympatric speciation Speciation Pathways Anagenesis Cladogenesis Question 6 C Clue: change over time Evolutionary Flow flow = movement Math Question Solution • • • • The correct answer is: 0.0002 Solution – 100,000 is total population Affected (p2 or 2pq) = 34 individuals Unaffected = 100,000 – 34 = 99,966 individuals • q2 = 99,966 or 0.99966 (99966/100,000) • q = √.99966 = 0.99983 • p = 1 – q = 1.0 - 0.99983 = 0.00017 = 0.0002 Short Free Response 1 4 points possible Possible points awarded for: Discussion of Bottleneck effect being a natural disaster affecting a populations genetic composition and survivors being the ones the escaped via the bottle neck. (1 pt.) Discussion of a logic natural disastrous event affecting a population. (1 pt.) Discussion of Founder Effect a population being separated or leaving from a larger population and altering genotype frequency (1 pt.) Discussion of a logical separation event (1 pt.) Genetic Drift – Bottleneck effect Original population Bottlenecking event Surviving population “Founding fathers” “Founding fathers” Short Free Response 2 3 points possible Possible Points awarded for: Discussion of crossover in Meiosis leading to variation from the parents genome. (1pt.) Discussion of segregation during Anaphase 1 and 2 leading to various gametic outcomes OR various gametes by independent assortment. (1pt.) Discussion of random fertilization increasing variety by combining two genomes. (1 pt.) Variation in Crossover Variation in Anaphase I Variation in Anaphase II Variation in Egg and sperm (Which sperm will it be?)
