Download document

A population of organisms that can interbreed to
produce fertile offspring is a(n)
a. evolved population
b. adaptive radiation
c. niche
d. species
A population of organisms that can interbreed to
produce fertile offspring is a(n)
a. evolved population
b. adaptive radiation
c. niche
d. species
In a population of bears, which would be considered
the fittest (in an evolutionary sense)?
A) the bear that blends in with its environment the
best
B) the strongest, fiercest bear
C) the biggest bear
D) the bear that leaves the most descendants
In a population of bears, which would be considered
the fittest (in an evolutionary sense)?
A) the bear that blends in with its environment the
best
B) the strongest, fiercest bear
C) the biggest bear
D) the bear that leaves the most descendants
Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are
comically clumsy when they walk on land.
Evolutionary scientists view these feet as
A) an example of a trait that is poorly adapted.
B) the outcome of a tradeoff: webbed feet perform
poorly on land, but are very helpful in diving for
food.
C) an example of a trait that has not evolved.
D) a curiosity that has little to teach us regarding
evolution.
Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are
comically clumsy when they walk on land.
Evolutionary scientists view these feet as
A) an example of a trait that is poorly adapted.
B) the outcome of a tradeoff: webbed feet perform
poorly on land, but are very helpful in diving for
food.
C) an example of a trait that has not evolved.
D) a curiosity that has little to teach us regarding
evolution.
Which one of the following was not a main idea that
Darwin advanced in his works?
A) species change over time
B) living species have arisen from earlier life forms
C) modern species arose through a process known as
"descent with modification"
D) new species can form by inheritance of
characteristics acquired during an individual’s life
E) new species arise by natural selection
Which one of the following was not a main idea that
Darwin advanced in his works?
A) species change over time
B) living species have arisen from earlier life forms
C) modern species arose through a process known as
"descent with modification"
D) new species can form by inheritance of
characteristics acquired during an individual’s life
E) new species arise by natural selection
_____ and _____ generate variation, while ______
results in adaptation to the environment
A) genetic drift
natural selection
mutation
B) mutation
sexual reproduction
natural selection
C) sexual reproduction
natural selection
mutation
D) natural selection mutation
sexual recombination
_____ and _____ generate variation, while ______
results in adaptation to the environment
A) genetic drift
natural selection
mutation
B) mutation
sexual reproduction
natural selection
C) sexual reproduction
natural selection
mutation
D) natural selection mutation
sexual recombination
Which term describes structures similar in purpose
but not inherited from a common ancestor?
a. homologous
b. analogous
c. vestigial
d. embryonic
Which term describes structures similar in purpose
but not inherited from a common ancestor?
a. homologous
b. analogous
c. vestigial
d. embryonic
As a result of sexual reproduction, the rate of
evolutionary change in the plant and animal
kingdoms has been greatly speeded up because
A) characteristic change less frequent than in
asexual reproduction
B) two parents have fewer offspring than one parent
C) the offspring show more diversity than in asexual
reproduction
D) environmental changes never affect organisms
produced by asexual reproduction
As a result of sexual reproduction, the rate of
evolutionary change in the plant and animal
kingdoms has been greatly speeded up because
A) characteristic change less frequent than in
asexual reproduction
B) two parents have fewer offspring than one parent
C) the offspring show more diversity than in asexual
reproduction
D) environmental changes never affect organisms
produced by asexual reproduction
The hip bone of a python and the human tail bone
are each examples of _____
a. Biogenesis
b. Fossil record
c. Homologous structures
d. Vestigial Structures
The hip bone of a python and the human tail bone
are each examples of _____
a. Biogenesis
b. Fossil record
c. Homologous structures
d. Vestigial Structures
The human arm, the whale fin, and the bat wing are
similar structures that result from evolution from a
common ancestor. They are
a. divergent structures
b. vestigial structures
c. homologous structures
d. analogous structures
The human arm, the whale fin, and the bat wing are
similar structures that result from evolution from a
common ancestor. They are
a. divergent structures
b. vestigial structures
c. homologous structures
d. analogous structures
Fossils are formed
a. from animals but not plants
b. most often in sedimentary rock
c. from soft tissues of organisms
d. only when the weather is warm
Fossils are formed
a. from animals but not plants
b. most often in sedimentary rock
c. from soft tissues of organisms
d. only when the weather is warm
In the struggle for existence, the organisms that
survive are usually the
a. largest
b. strongest
c. fittest
d. smartest
In the struggle for existence, the organisms that
survive are usually the
a. largest
b. strongest
c. fittest
d. smartest
A similarity in DNA sequence between two species
a. does not indicate a relationship
b. is a genetic coincidence
c. is impossible
d. suggests a close relationship
A similarity in DNA sequence between two species
a. does not indicate a relationship
b. is a genetic coincidence
c. is impossible
d. suggests a close relationship
If a species lacks the variations needed to survive in
a changing environment, it will most likely
a. acquire them through evolution
b. become extinct
c. evolve into a lower form
d. evolve into a higher form
If a species lacks the variations needed to survive in
a changing environment, it will most likely
a. acquire them through evolution
b. become extinct
c. evolve into a lower form
d. evolve into a higher form
An inherited trait that increases chances of survival
and reproduction is
a. a mutation
b. not possible in nature
c. a genotype
d. an adaptation
An inherited trait that increases chances of survival
and reproduction is
a. a mutation
b. not possible in nature
c. a genotype
d. an adaptation
In the process of evolution, the effect of the
environment is to
a. generate variation within the species
b. prevent the occurrence of mutations
c. act as a selective pressure on variations that exist
within the species
d. provide favorable conditions for the survival of
the species
In the process of evolution, the effect of the
environment is to
a. generate variation within the species
b. prevent the occurrence of mutations
c. act as a selective pressure on variations that exist
within the species
d. provide favorable conditions for the survival of
the species
Which of the following provides evidence that
vertebrates evolved from a common ancestor?
A) homologous structures
B) the presence of similar genes
C) the presence of vestigial tail bones even in
vertebrate species that do not have a functional tail
D) All of the choices are correct
Which of the following provides evidence that
vertebrates evolved from a common ancestor?
A) homologous structures
B) the presence of similar genes
C) the presence of vestigial tail bones even in
vertebrate species that do not have a functional tail
D) All of the choices are correct
Populations are likely to evolve into separate species
if
a) they interbreed
b) genes are exchanged between the populations
c) environmental conditions are similar
d) reproductive or geographic isolation occurs
Populations are likely to evolve into separate species
if
a) they interbreed
b) genes are exchanged between the populations
c) environmental conditions are similar
d) reproductive or geographic isolation occurs
According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the
common ancestor of lungfishes and amphibians?
a. Species 1
b. Species 2
c. Species 3
d. Species 4
e. Species 5
f. Species 6
According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the
common ancestor of lungfishes and amphibians?
a. Species 1
b. Species 2
c. Species 3
d. Species 4
e. Species 5
f. Species 6
According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the
common ancestor of tetrapods and amniotes?
a. Species 1
b. Species 2
c. Species 3
d. Species 4
e. Species 5
f. Species 6
According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the
common ancestor of tetrapods and amniotes?
a. Species 1
b. Species 2
c. Species 3
d. Species 4
e. Species 5
f. Species 6
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial
Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored
and peppered moths could be either light or
dark colored.
After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of
a. darker tree trunks
b. darker moths
c. lighter tree trunks
d. lighter moths
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial
Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored
and peppered moths could be either light or
dark colored.
After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of
a. darker tree trunks
b. darker moths
c. lighter tree trunks
d. lighter moths
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree
trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be
either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the
immediate cause of darker tree trunks.
The moth population became darker because
a. they were covered with soot
b. birds were more likely to find and eat dark moths
c. birds were more likely to find and eat light moths
d. the adults changed color to escape the birds
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree
trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be
either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the
immediate cause of darker tree trunks.
The moth population became darker because
a. they were covered with soot
b. birds were more likely to find and eat dark moths
c. birds were more likely to find and eat light moths
d. the adults changed color to escape the birds
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree
trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be
either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the
immediate cause of darker tree trunks. The moth
population became darker because birds were more likely
to find and eat light moths.
Birds in this case are examples of
a. an environmental pressure
b. a variation
c. an adaptation
d. co-evolution
In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree
trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be
either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the
immediate cause of darker tree trunks. The moth
population became darker because birds were more likely
to find and eat light moths.
Birds in this case are examples of
a. an environmental pressure
b. a variation
c. an adaptation
d. co-evolution
The diagram below represents undisturbed rock strata in a
given region. A representative fossil of an organism is
illustrated in each layer.
 Which fossil is oldest? _____________________________
 Which fossil is youngest? ____________________________
The diagram below represents undisturbed rock strata in a
given region. A representative fossil of an organism is
illustrated in each layer.
 Which fossil is oldest? __Fossil of Organism A_________
 Which fossil is youngest? ___ Fossil of Organism C _____
Which statement best describes a relationship between these
representative organisms?
a. Organism A was probably more structurally advanced
than organism B and organism C.
b. Organism C probably gave rise to organism A and
organism B.
c. All of these organisms probably evolved at the same time.
d. Organism A was probably more primitive than organisms
B and C.
Which statement best describes a relationship between these
representative organisms?
a. Organism A was probably more structurally advanced
than organism B and organism C.
b. Organism C probably gave rise to organism A and
organism B.
c. All of these organisms probably evolved at the same time.
d. Organism A was probably more primitive than organisms
B and C.
More than 1.5 million species of animals have been described,
yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building
blocks. This is evidence that all animals have
a) a common ancestor.
b) identical fossils
c) similar appearances
d) the exact same DNA sequences.
More than 1.5 million species of animals have been described,
yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building
blocks. This is evidence that all animals have
a) a common ancestor.
b) identical fossils
c) similar appearances
d) the exact same DNA sequences.
Use the following DNA sequences to answer the question below.
Honey bee:
GATTCAGTCA
Bumble bee:
GATTCAGTCG
Carpenter bee:
GTTTCATTCA
Leafcutter bee:
CATTGACTCA
Mason bee:
CTAAGGCTAA
Digger bee:
GTTTGGCCAA
Which of the following is a valid conclusion based up on the data above?
a) Honey bees are more closely related to bumble bees than they are to
leafcutter bees
b) Mason bees are the honey bees closest "relatives"
c) Carpenter bees are the bees least closely related to honey bees
d) Mason bees are more closely related to honey bees than carpenter
bees are
Use the following DNA sequences to answer the question below.
Honey bee:
GATTCAGTCA
Bumble bee:
GATTCAGTCG
Carpenter bee:
GTTTCATTCA
Leafcutter bee:
CATTGACTCA
Mason bee:
CTAAGGCTAA
Digger bee:
GTTTGGCCAA
Which of the following is a valid conclusion based up on the data above?
a) Honey bees are more closely related to bumble bees than they are to
leafcutter bees
b) Mason bees are the honey bees closest "relatives"
c) Carpenter bees are the bees least closely related to honey bees
d) Mason bees are more closely related to honey bees than carpenter
bees are
Refer to the diagram below. With one exception, all of these
structures are homologous. Which of these structures
represents an analogous structure?
Refer to the diagram below. With one exception, all of these
structures are homologous. Which of these structures
represents an analogous structure?
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
The few eggs surviving in
culture medium Y probably
A) inherited an acquired characteristic.
B) became resistant by the law of use.
C) acquired a gene for resistance after DDT was added.
D) had a variation for resistance to DDT.
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
The few eggs surviving in
culture medium Y probably
A) inherited an acquired characteristic.
B) became resistant by the law of use.
C) acquired a gene for resistance after DDT was added.
D) had a variation for resistance to DDT.
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
Addition of the DDT is a(n)
A) change in the environment
B) variation
C) stablilizing factor
D) acquired characteristic
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
Addition of the DDT is a(n)
A) change in the environment
B) variation
C) stablilizing factor
D) acquired characteristic
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
If eggs from the mosquitoes
that developed from surviving
culture Y were placed in culture Z,
they would probably
A) die
B) survive and reproduce
C)change form
D) mutate
Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium
Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an
insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs
survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is
the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.
If eggs from the mosquitoes
that developed from surviving
culture Y were placed in culture Z,
they would probably
A) die
B) survive and reproduce
C)change form
D) mutate
Your roommate was given an antibiotic for strep throat. After three days
she is feeling fine and asks you if she should stop taking the antibiotic
and save the pills for the next time she has a sore throat. Your best
response would be:
A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the
body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she
doesn't need the pills after she feels better.
B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure
to antibiotics may result in drug resistant strains.
C. Yes, the antibiotics were very potent and able to kill off the infection
more quickly than anticipated.
D. No, the infection is really not under control yet to the point that her
immune system can finish fighting it off.
Your roommate was given an antibiotic for strep throat. After three days
she is feeling fine and asks you if she should stop taking the antibiotic
and save the pills for the next time she has a sore throat. Your best
response would be:
A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the
body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she
doesn't need the pills after she feels better.
B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure
to antibiotics may result in drug resistant strains.
C. Yes, the antibiotics were very potent and able to kill off the infection
more quickly than anticipated.
D. No, the infection is really not under control yet to the point that her
immune system can finish fighting it off.
Tuberculosis is a _______ infection that is
passed through ___________.
A. viral, direct contact
B. viral, animal bites
C. bacterial, food
D. bacterial, indirect contact
Tuberculosis is a _______ infection that is
passed through ___________.
A. viral, direct contact
B. viral, animal bites
C. bacterial, food
D. bacterial, indirect contact
Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells
in that eukaryotic cells possess
A. Cell walls
B. Cytoplasm
C. A nucleus
D. Ribosomes
Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells
in that eukaryotic cells possess
A. Cell walls
B. Cytoplasm
C. A nucleus
D. Ribosomes
Plant cells differ from animal cells in that they
possess
A. Cell walls
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosomes
Plant cells differ from animal cells in that they
possess
A. Cell walls
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosomes
Penicillin is a common antibiotic used to treat
infections. Which of the following statements is
the most accurate prediction about this antibiotic?
A. It is as effective now as when it first came out.
B. There are no microbes left that aren't resistant to
this antibiotic, given its widespread use.
C. In areas where this antibiotic is widely used,
bacterial may become resistant to it.
D. None of the above
Penicillin is a common antibiotic used to treat
infections. Which of the following statements is
the most accurate prediction about this antibiotic?
A. It is as effective now as when it first came out.
B. There are no microbes left that aren't resistant to
this antibiotic, given its widespread use.
C. In areas where this antibiotic is widely used,
bacterial may become resistant to it.
D. None of the above
All cells possess all the following components
EXCEPT
A. cytoplasm.
B. ribosomes.
C. a nucleus.
D. plasma/cell membrane.
All cells possess all the following components
EXCEPT
A. cytoplasm.
B. ribosomes.
C. a nucleus.
D. plasma/cell membrane.
Animal cells possess all the following components
EXCEPT
A. A nucleus and ribosomes.
B. Chloroplasts and a large central vacoule
B. Mitochondria and cytoplasm.
D. Plasma/cell membrane and centrioles.
Animal cells possess all the following components
EXCEPT
A. A nucleus and ribosomes.
B. Chloroplasts and a large central vacoule
B. Mitochondria and cytoplasm.
D. Plasma/cell membrane and centrioles.
Which of the cell types below are prokaryotic cells
A. Plant cells
B. Animal cells.
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
Which of the cell types below are prokaryotic cells
A. Plant cells
B. Animal cells.
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
Many residents in a small town have developed a bacterial
infection. Two students hypothesize that the bacteria are coming
from the town’s drinking water. They look for the bacteria in
water samples from the lake that supplies 80 percent of the
town’s drinking water. When they find no bacteria, the students
conclude that the town’s residents are not getting the bacteria
from their drinking water. Which is a source of error in the
students’ experimental design?
A. water from the lake was not tested for other possible pathogens
B. residents of other nearby towns were not tested for the bacteria
C. the residents' genetic predisposition for getting ill was not
determined
D. other sources of drinking water were not tested for bacteria
Many residents in a small town have developed a bacterial
infection. Two students hypothesize that the bacteria are coming
from the town’s drinking water. They look for the bacteria in
water samples from the lake that supplies 80 percent of the
town’s drinking water. When they find no bacteria, the students
conclude that the town’s residents are not getting the bacteria
from their drinking water. Which is a source of error in the
students’ experimental design?
A. water from the lake was not tested for other possible pathogens
B. residents of other nearby towns were not tested for the bacteria
C. the residents' genetic predisposition for getting ill was not
determined
D. other sources of drinking water were not tested for bacteria