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Ex St 801 Statistical Methods Introduction Basic Definitions STATISTICS: Area of science concerned with extraction of information from numerical data and with making inference about a population from data that are obtained from a sample. Basic Definitions (cont.) POPULATION: set representing all measurements of interest to the investigator. PARAMETER: an unknown population characteristic of interest to the investigator. Basic Definitions (cont.) SAMPLE: subset of measurements selected from the population of interest. STATISTIC: a sample characteristic of interest to the investigator. Some Frequently Used Statistics and Parameters SAMPLE POPULATION MEAN y VARIANCE s2 STANDARD DEVIATION s PROPORTION Basic Definitions (cont.) STATISTICAL INFERENCE : making an "INFORMED GUESS" about a parameter based on a statistic. (This is the main objective of statistics.) STATISTICAL INFERENCE GATHER DATA POPULATION SAMPLE MAKE INFERENCES PARAMETERS , 2 , , , etc. SAMPLE STATISTICS y, s , s, ˆ , etc. 2 Ex St 801 Statistical Methods end Introduction