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Earthquakes Vocabulary
Rebecca Baker
THE BOARD
Seismometers
100
200
300
400
500
Faults
100
200
300
400
500
Earthquake
Terms
100
200
300
400
500
Scales
100
200
300
400
500
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Earthquake
Terms
100
200
300
400
500
Seismometers 100 Points
What is the record produced by a
seismometer?
Seismometers 100 Point Answer
A seismogram
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Seismometers 200 Points
What part of the seismometer moves
during an earthquake?
Seismometers 200 Points Answer
The frame
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Seismometers 300 Points
The suspended mass on a seismometer
stays at rest during an earthquake due to
what property?
Seismometers 300 Points Answer
The property of inertia
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Seismometers 400 Points
What does a seismometer do?
Seismometers 400 Points Answer
A seismometer measures horizontal and
vertical motion during an earthquake.
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Seismometers 500 Points
What is another name for a seismometer?
Seismometers 500 Points Answer
A seismogram
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Faults 100 Points
What type of fault is formed when
horizontal stress on a rock body from
opposite sides?
Faults 100 Points Answer
A reverse fault
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Faults 200 Points
What type of fault is formed as a
result of horizontal shear stress?
Faults 200 Points Answer
A strike-slip fault
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Faults 300 Points
What type of fault is formed when bodies
of rock are pulled apart?
Faults 300 Points Answer
A normal fault
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Faults 400 Points
What is the famous strike-slip fault located
in California?
Faults 400 Points Answer
The San-Andreas Fault
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Faults 500 Points
An area of vertical offset caused by fault
movement is called what?
Faults 500 Points Answer
A scarp
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Earthquake Terms 100 Points
What is the point on Earth’s surface
directly above the focus of an earthquake?
Earthquake Terms 100 Points
Answer
The epicenter
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Earthquake Terms 200 Points
What is the point of initial fault rupture
where an earthquake originates, that
usually lies at least several kilometers
beneath Earth’s surface?
Earthquake Terms 200 Points
Answer
The focus
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Earthquake Terms 300 Points
What is the seismic wave that squeezes
and pulls rocks in the same direction that
the wave travels, causing rock particles to
move back and forth?
Earthquake Terms 300 Points
Answer
The primary wave
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Earthquake Terms 400 Points
What is the seismic wave that causes rock
particles to move at right angles to the
direction of the wave?
Earthquake Terms 400 Points
Answer
The secondary wave
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Earthquake Terms 500 Points
What is the seismic wave that moves in
two direction as if passes through rocks,
causing the ground to move both up and
down and side to side?
Earthquake Terms 500 Points
Answer
The surface wave
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Scales 100 Points
What is the measure of the energy
released during an earthquake, which can
be described using the Richter scale?
Scales 100 Points Answer
Magnitude
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Scales 200 Points
What is the scale that measures
earthquake intensity on a scale from I to
XII, the higher the number, the greater the
damage the earthquake caused?
Scales 200 Points Answer
The modified Mercalli scale
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Scales 300 Points
What is the scale used to measure
earthquake magnitude- taking into account
the size of the fault rupture, the rocks’
stiffness, and the amount of movement
along the fault- using values that can be
estimated from the size of several types of
seismic waves?
Scales 300 Points Answer
The moment magnitude scale
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Scales 400 Points
What is the numerical scale used to
measure the magnitude of an earthquake,
using values based on the size of the
earthquake’s largest seismic waves?
Scales 400 Points Answer
The Richter scale
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Scales 500 Points
Unlike Richter scale values, this scale’s
values are estimated from the size of
several types of seismic waves produced
by an earthquake. What scale is this?
Scales 500 Points Answer
The Moment Magnitude Scale
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More Earthquake Terms 100 Points
What is a fracture of system of fractures in
Earth’s crust that occurs when stress is
applied too quickly or stress is too great;
can form as a result of horizontal
compression, horizontal shear, or
horizontal tension?
More Earthquake Terms 100 Points
Answer
A fault
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More Earthquake Terms 200 Points
What is a deformation of materials in
response to stress?
More Earthquake Terms 200 Points
Answer
Strain
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More Earthquake Terms 300 Points
What are forces per unit that act on a
material- compression, tension, shear?
More Earthquake Terms 300 Points
Answer
Stress
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More Earthquake Terms 400 Points
What is a place along an active fault that
has not experienced an Earthquake for a
long time?
More Earthquake Terms 400 Points
Answer
A seismic gap
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More Earthquake Terms 500 Points
What is a large powerful ocean wave
generated by the vertical motion of
seafloor during an earthquake; in shallow
water, can form huge, fast-moving
breakers exceeding 30 meters in height
that can damage coastal areas?
More Earthquake Terms 500 Points
Answer
A tsunami
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