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Chapter Resources
17
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Image Bank
Foldables
Video Clips and Animations
Chapter Summary
Chapter Review Questions
Standardized Test Practice
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Chapter Resources
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17
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17
Transfer Images
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17
Table –
Symbols of
Some
Elements
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17
Nucleus of an Atom
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17
Dalton’s
Atomic
Model
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Electron
Cloud
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17
Table –
Subatomic
Particle
Masses
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Table – Mass Numbers of Some Atoms
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Boron-10
Boron-11
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17
Table –
Mendeleev’s
Predictions
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17
Energy Levels
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Section of Periodic Table
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17
Group 1
Dot Diagram
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Chlorine
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Sodium Chloride
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Neon
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Regions of Periodic Table
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Periodic Table
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Foldables
17
Scientific Processes
Make the following Foldable to help identify
what you already know, what you want to know,
and what you learned about science.
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Foldables
17
Fold a vertical sheet of
paper in half from side to
side. Make the front edge
about 1.25 cm shorter than
the back edge.
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Foldables
17
Turn lengthwise and
fold into thirds.
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Foldables
17
Unfold and cut only
the top layer along
both folds to make
three tabs. Label
each tab.
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Foldables
17
Identify Questions
Before you read the chapter, write what you
already know about science under the left tab
of your Foldable, and write questions about
what you’d like to know under the center tab.
After you read the chapter, list what you
learned under the right tab.
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Video Clips and Animations
17
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Video Clips
17
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Reviewing Main Ideas
17.1
Structure of an Atom
• A chemical symbol is a shorthand way of
writing the name of an element.
• An atom consists of a nucleus made of
protons and neutrons surrounded by an
electron cloud.
• Quarks are particles of matter that make up
protons and neutrons.
• The model of the atom changes over time.
As new information is discovered, scientists
incorporate it into the model.
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Reviewing Main Ideas
17.2
Masses of Atoms
• The number of neutrons in an atom can be
computed by subtracting the atomic number
from the mass number.
• The isotopes of an element are atoms of that
same element that have different numbers of
neutrons.
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Reviewing Main Ideas
17.2
Masses of Atoms
• The average atomic mass of an element is the
weighted-average mass of the mixture of its
isotopes. Isotopes are named by using the
element name, followed by a dash, and its
mass number.
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Reviewing Main Ideas
17.3
The Periodic Table
• In the periodic table, the elements are
arranged by increasing atomic number
resulting in periodic changes in properties.
Knowing that the number of protons,
electrons, and atomic number are equal gives
you partial composition of the atom.
• In the periodic table, the elements are
arranged in 18 vertical columns, or groups,
and seven horizontal rows, or periods.
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Reviewing Main Ideas
17.3
The Periodic Table
• Metals are found at the left of the periodic
table, nonmetals at the right, and metalloids
along the line that separates the metals from
the nonmetals.
• Elements are placed on the periodic table in
order of increasing atomic number. A new
row on the periodic table begins when the
outer energy level of the element is filled.
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Chapter Review
17
Question 1
Who proposed the idea that atoms make up
all substances?
A. Aristotle
B. Socrates
C. Democritus
D. Euripides
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Chapter Review
17
Answer
The answer is C. Later, Aristotle disputed
Democritus’s theory and proposed that
matter was uniform throughout, not
composed of smaller particles.
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Chapter Review
17
Question 2
In order to study quarks, scientists must
force __________ to break apart.
A. atoms
B. electrons
C. neutrons
D. protons
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Chapter Review
Answer
The answer is D. Particle accelerators are
used to accelerate charged particles and
force them to collide with protons, breaking
them apart.
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Chapter Review
17
Question 3
Describe the model of the atom that is in use
today.
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Chapter Review
17
Answer
In the electron cloud
model, electrons do not
follow fixed orbits as in
the Bohr model, but tend
to occur more frequently
in certain areas around
the nucleus at any given
time.
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Chapter Review
17
Question 4
Atoms of the same element that have
different numbers of neutrons are called
__________.
A. isomers
B. isotopes
C. identical
D. isobars
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Chapter Review
17
Answer
The answer is B. Isotopes are identified by
using the name of the element followed by
the mass number of that isotope, as in boron10.
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Chapter Review
17
Question 5
Which group is
most likely to
contain elements
that are good
conductors of
electricity?
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Chapter Review
17
A. Group 11
B. Group 15
C. Group 16
D. Group 17
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Chapter Review
17
Answer
The answer is A. Group 11 contains metals,
which are better conductors of electricity
than the nonmetals of Groups 15, 16 and 17.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Question 1
Which is positively charged?
A. proton
B. neutron
C. electron
D. quark
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Answer
The answer is A. Neutrons are electrically
neutral, and electrons are negatively
charged.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Question 2
Based on the table, which of the following
statements is correct?
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Standardized Test Practice
17
A. The atomic number is equal to the number of
neutrons in an atom.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
B. The symbol for each element in the periodic
table is the first letter of the name of the
element.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
C. If you know the mass number and the atomic
number of an atom, you can calculate the
number of neutrons in the atom.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
D. Atoms of the same element always have the
same number of neutrons.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Answer
The answer is C. The mass number of an
atom is the sum of the number of protons
and the number of neutrons in the nucleus
of an atom.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Question 3
The atomic number
of boron is 5; the
atomic number of
carbon is 6. Name
the isotopes shown.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
A. carbon-10, carbon-11
B. boron-10, carbon-11
C. carbon-10, boron-11
D. boron-10, boron-11
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Answer
The answer is D. Since the atomic number
identifies the number of protons in the
atom, neither of these can be carbon
atoms.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Question 4
How many electrons are needed to fill the
inner energy level of fluorine?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Answer
The answer is A. Fluorine has 9 electrons,
2 in energy level one and 7 in energy level
two.
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Question 5
Based on this diagram, which would you
expect to be most stable?
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Standardized Test Practice
17
A. hydrogen, atomic number 1
B. helium, atomic number 2
C. sodium, atomic number 11
D. chlorine, atomic number 17
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Standardized Test Practice
17
Answer
The answer is B. Helium has a complete
outer energy level and is relatively
unreactive.
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17
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