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FOLDABLES: ATOMS Terms Atom The basic unit of matter It consists of a nucleus (with protons and neutrons) and electrons Protons Positively charged particles Found in the nucleus Mass: 1.0073 amu (amu= atomic mass unit; 1amu= 1.6605 x 10^-24 g) Neutrons Particles found in the nucleus No electrical charge Mass: 1.0087 amu Electrons Negatively charged particles Mass: 5.4858 x 10^-4 amu Found in a cloud outside the nucleus Atomic number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons Mass number Sum of the number of protons and neutrons Mass number = protons + neutrons Isotope Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons Atomic weight The average of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element Ion A positively, or negatively, charged atom Atoms become ions because they gain or lose electrons