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Energy, and Climate FYI: Fuels are indirectPower, sources of energy - they must beChange "burned" to produce useable energy. 8.2 World Energy Sources Non-fuels are all directof sources of energy -energy they can sources be used into FYI: We can divide the world's immediately as useable energy. and non-sun-derived. two groups: sun-derived, FYI: The energy from both fuels and non-fuels is usually converted (via S OURCE 1:stages) SUN-DERIVED one or more into the final form of energy (for instance, electricity). Don't The forget following hierarchy energy sources shows how that each conversionof entails a certain percentage of the the sunenergy is the sourcediagrams. of much of our energy: original lost. ultimate Recall the Sankey Sun-Derived Energy Sources Fuels Non-fuels Coal Solar Energy Oil Hydroelectric Gas Wind Wood Wave Biomass Photovoltaic Energy, Power, and Climate Change FYI: Chemical fuels that are non-sun-derived include rocket fuel and oxidizer, MRE heating other chemically-activated 8.2 packets, Worldand Energy Sources heating units (for example, first aid cooling packs). We can divide all of the world's energy sources into FYI: groups: Chemical non-fuels that are non-sun-derived include fuel cells, where two sun-derived, and non-sun-derived. hydrogen and oxygen are combined to produce electricity directly. SOURCE 2: NON-SUN-DERIVED There are not many energy sources that do not come in some way from the sun's radiant energy. Non-Sun-Derived Energy Sources Fuels Non-fuels Hydrogen Tidal Uranium Geothermal Chemical Chemical Energy, Power, and reactors Climate Change FYI: We have been working on FUSION for years, but have still not perfected them 8.2 to the point of being able to useSources them on a commercial basis. World Energy workingcomes FISSION reactors for years, and FYI: MostWe ofhave ourhad energy from fuels. Here ishave thethousands of them currently on commercial lines. energy yield of various fuels: Fuel Fuel Type Energy Density (MJ/kg) Protons Nuclear 300,000,000 Uranium-235 Nuclear 90,000,000 Petrol Fossil 46.9 Diesel Fossil 45.8 Biodiesel Fossil 42.2 Crude Oil Fossil 41.9 Coal Fossil 32.5 Sugar Fossil 17.0 Wood Fossil 17.0 Cow Dung Fossil 15.5 Household Waste Fossil 10.0 Energy, Power, and Climate Change 8.2 World Energy Sources 1.0 0.0 SOURCE OF ENERGY ALL OTHERS - 1% 2.0 NUCLEAR - 6% 3.0 COAL - 26% 4.0 OIL - 38% POWER 1012 watts 5.0 GAS - 23% THE FOSSIL FUELS 87% HYDROELECTRIC - 6% WORLDWIDE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY 6.0 0.02 0.00 SOURCE OF ENERGY WIND - 27% 0.04 BIOFUELS - 12% 0.06 GEOTHERMAL - 17% 0.08 SOLAR - 44% POWER 1012 watts 0.10 ALL OTHERS NUCLEAR HYDROELECTRIC COAL GAS OIL FYI: Don't forget, these energy sources are partEnergy, of the "all others - 1%" from the Climate Change Power, and previous slide. There is obviously room World Energy Sources for contribution 8.2 from the renewables, but the question remains - how significant R ENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY (PERCENTS) can these ever become in the grand The buzzword among the greenies is renewable sources energy picture? of energy - which are inexhaustible sources of energy. Energy, Power, and Climate Change 8.2 World Energy Sources WORLDWIDE SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY (PERCENTS) Electricity is such a convenient energy form (for both usage and transportation), we should also look at the worldwide sources of electrical energy: 16 2 39 17 7 19 COAL FOSSIL FUELS GAS 65% OIL NUCLEAR HYDROELECTRIC OTHER