Download Muscles

The Human
Muscular System
How many Muscles????
• There are over 650
muscles in the human
body.
• We have 43 different
muscles just in our
face!
What are muscles made of?
• Muscles are composed of hundreds of small
muscle fibres.
• They all contain two types of protein filaments
called actin and myosin that slide past each
other to help move your muscles
Three types of muscles
• The human body
contains three
different types of
muscles:
• Smooth muscle
• Cardiac muscle
• Skeletal muscle
Smooth Muscle
• Smooth muscle can
be found in your
organs , skin and
blood vessels.
• It is an involuntary
muscle which means
it is controlled by your
autonomic nervous
system
Cardiac Muscle
• Cardiac muscle can
only be found in your
heart and it is also an
involuntary muscle.
• Cardiac muscles are
contracting every
minute of every day of
our lives!
Skeletal Muscles
• Skeletal muscles are
also known as
striated muscles
because the fibres
look striped.
• Skeletal muscles are
voluntary muscles
which means you
control their
movement.
Skeletal Muscles
• Skeletal muscles are
what allow you to move
your skeleton.
• Muscles work in pairs.
One muscle will flex a
joint while the other
muscle will extend the
joint.
• A muscle will shorten
when it flexes and
lengthen when it extends
Muscles in Groups
• We are going to study
most of the muscles
in groups because
there are too many for
us to learn each
name!
• The following slides
will identify the
muscle groups you
need to know and
where they are.
Trapezius
Latissimus Dosrsi
Triceps
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Deltoid
Pectorals
Biceps
Abdominals
Quadriceps
Injuries to the Muscles
• Just like our skeletal system, sometimes we may
injure our muscles.
Muscle Strains
• Tears are often called
pulled or strained
muscles.
• The degree of the
injury will determine
treatment and
recovery time.
Categories of Muscle Strains
• GRADE 1 STRAIN
There is damage to individual muscle fibres (less than
5% of fibres). This is a mild strain which requires 2 to 3
weeks rest.
• GRADE 2 STRAIN
There is more extensive damage, with more muscle
fibres involved, but the muscle is not completely
ruptured. The rest period required is usually between 3
and 6 weeks.
• GRADE 3 STRAIN
This is a complete rupture of a muscle. In a sports
person this will usually require surgery to repair the
muscle. The rehabilitation time is around 3 months.
How to treat muscle injuries
•
•
•
•
•
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Follow the PRICE protocol:
Protection of the injured area
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Body Building
• Many people work very
hard to build their
muscles.
• They use various
exercises to build
strength and muscle
mass.
• This is a common
practice with many men
and women today, and
many compete in
contests.
Too much??
• Perhaps some people
take the art of
bodybuilding a little
too far?
How much is too much?