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CHAPTER 15
LESSON 3: THE MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
FUNCTIONS OF THE MUSCLES
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All movement
Pump blood throughout the body (HEART)
Move food thru digestive system
Control air movement in and out of lungs
Work by means of opposing action
(CONTRACTION & EXTENSION)
TYPES OF MUSCLES
• SMOOTH MUSCLE
• SKELETAL MUSCLE
• CARDIAC MUSCLE
• SKELETAL
(striated/voluntary):
attached to the bones
• allow movement to
occur
– Over 600 voluntary
muscles in the body
CARDIAC (involuntary):
forms the walls of the heart
Contracts 100,000 times/per day
SMOOTH (involuntary):
concerned with the movements of
internal organs
CARE OF THE MUSCLES
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MAINTAIN MUSCLE “TONE”
– Tone is the natural tension of the fibers of
the muscles
– Keep active and eat balanced nutritious
meals
PROBLEMS
• LACTIC ACID BUILDUP: Causes the
‘ache’ and pain in muscles
• MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: Inherited
disorder that causes the muscles to waste
away.
MUSCLE INJURIES
• STRAINS: “pulled muscle” tearing or
stretching caused by suddenly pulling
them too far.
• BRUISE: bleeding of the muscle under
the skin. (blood vessels break)
MORE MUSCLE INJURIES
• TENDINITIS: inflammation of the tendons
• HERNIA: the protrusion of an organ
through the weak area of the muscle;
usually occurs after heavy lifting, usually
requires surgery to correct