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Bones, Muscles, and Skin - Body Organization and Homeostasis Organs and Organ Systems Each organ in your body is part of an organ system, which is a group of organs that work together to perform a major function. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System What the Skeletal System Does Your skeleton has five major functions. It provides shape and support, enables you to move, protects your organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and other materials until your body needs them. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System Joints of the Skeleton A joint is a place in the body where two bones come together. Joints allow bones to move in different ways. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System Bones—Strong and Living Bones are complex living structures that undergo growth and development. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System Asking Questions Before you read, preview the red headings. In a graphic organizer like the one below, ask a what or how question for each heading. As you read, write answers to your questions. Question Answer What does the skeleton do? The skeleton provides shape and support, helps you to move, protects organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and other materials. Joints can move forward or backward, in a circle, in a rotating motion, and in a gliding motion. How do joints move? How strong are bones? Bones can absorb more force without breaking than granite or concrete. What can I do to care for my bones? Eat a well balanced diet and get plenty of exercise. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System Muscles at Work Because muscle cells can only contract, not extend, skeletal muscles must work in pairs. While one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair relaxes to its original length. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System Previewing Visuals When you preview, you look ahead at the material to be read. Preview Figure 15. Then, in a graphic organizer like the one below, write three questions that you have about the diagram. As you read, answer your questions. Types of Muscle Q. How does skeletal muscle help my body move? A. Skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones and provide the force to move them. Q. Where is smooth muscle found? A. The inside of many internal organs Q. Why is cardiac muscle considered a special type? A. It is found only in the heart; it is like smooth muscle because it is involuntary and like skeletal muscle because it is striated. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System Skeletal Muscles Click the Video button to watch a movie about skeletal muscles. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System More on Muscle Types Click the PHSchool.com button for an activity about muscle types. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skin The Epidermis The skin is organized into two main layers: the epidermis and the dermis. Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skin Identifying Main Ideas As you read the section titled “The Body’s Tough Covering,” write the main idea—the biggest or most important idea—in a graphic organizer like the one below. Then write five supporting details. The supporting details give examples of the main idea. Main Idea The skin has several important functions. Detail The skin forms a barrier against disease-causing microorganisms and loss of fluids. Detail The skin helps the body maintain a steady temperature. Detail Detail The skin helps to eliminate wastes through perspiration. The skin contains nerves that gather information about the environment. Detail Skin cells produce vitamin D that helps your body absorb calcium. Bones, Muscles, and Skin Graphic Organizer Muscles can be Smooth muscles Involuntary muscles Voluntary muscles include include Cardiac muscles Skeletal muscles