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Introduction to Microbiology Chapter 1 I. Objectives Why microbiology? What is a microbe? How did we learn all this? II. Why microbiology A. Microbes rule! – They are everywhere and shape our visible world – They have widest range of diversity – They have adapted to survive in extremely wide range of environments B. Why is microbiology important? III. What are microbes? A. Domains And. . . Viruses B. Structure of Microbes 1. Prokaryotic 2. Eukaryotes “eu” “karyos” C. Identification: structure vs genetics Bacterial shape Biochemistry RNA/DNA D. Classification Linnaeus – examples » Escherichia coli » Bacillus megaterium » Streptococcus faecalis IV. Origins: Earth formed fossil prokaryotes earliest fossil eukaryotes animals all present day life V. Distribution: Most Soil abundant organisms content Human content Absent? Why are microbes so successful? VI. Historical perspective Three Each major epochs marked by advances in methodology A. Epoch 1:1660-1850 1. Discovery – Hooke – – Anton van Leeuwenhoek 2. How does life originate? Redi Needham Spallanzani B. Epoch 2: 1850-1930 1. Ending the spontaneous generation controversy – Pasteur 2. Microbes as infectious disease agents Lister Koch and his postulates Jenner 3. Golden Age of Microbiology: late 1800s Disease agents Transformation matter of organic and inorganic C. Epoch 3: 1930s-present Antimicrobial Branching agents out of fields And into the new millenium! Disease Research Industry Biotechnology