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Chapter 1
Study Guide
NAME:__________________________________________________________
Microbiology BI234
Do to past cheating on study guides these guides MUST be written and
will not be accepted as a typed document.
Define microbiology
List the 5 main groups of
living microorganisms.
Why are viruses not
considered microbes even
though we study them in
microbiology?
According to the fossil
record, how long have
microbes been on this
planet?
What is the difference
between eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells? Which
type appeared first?
Bacteria are ubiquitous,
found nearly everywhere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. viruses
State at least 3 places where you could find microbes
1.
2.
3.
Define evolution
Define theory from a
scientific perspective
Describe four ways that
microbes have shaped our
planet
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Describe four ways that
microbes have impacted
humans
1. Food production=
2. Antibiotic production=
3. Genetic Engineering=
4. Bioremediation=
Define pathogen
List four diseases that
affect humans.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describe the concept of
spontaneous generation
give an example of why
some people believed
spontaneous generation
Explain the difference
between abiogenesis and
biogenesis.
How did Louis Pasteur
demonstrate that air
contained living, invisible
microbes? Draw a picture
of his experiment.
Describe the contribution
of Robert Hooke to the
field of microbiology.
Describe the contribution
of Antonie van
Leeuwenhoek to the field
of microbiology.
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Explain four examples of
recent advances in
microbiology as described
in Table 1.2
Discovery
Description of Discovery
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describe some of the
applications that resulted
from the germ theory of
disease
How did the discovery of
bacterial endospores
affect sterilization?
Describe Holmes and
Semmelweis's
contribution to medical
microbiology.
Explain how Joseph Lister
impacted medical
microbiology?
Explain the germ theory of
disease and describe two
scientists that contributed
to it.
Describe two
characteristics of
prokaryotic cells
Describe two
characteristics of
eukaryotic cells
Describe two
characteristics of viruses
Define macromolecule
List the four main types of
biological molecules.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Describe macromolecule,
subunit, and polymer and
how they relate to each
other
Complete the chart at
right.
Macromolecule
Subunit
Polymer
Example
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Fatty acid
Protein
Nucleic acid
Describe carbohydrates
including the elements
that compose them.
Draw a carbohydrate
Describe the function of
these polysaccharides
and explain why these
polysaccharides are
important to know in
microbiology
Polysaccharide
Function
Relationship to
Microbiology
Description of Structure
Description of
Function
Agar
Peptidoglycan
Lipopolysaccharide
Glycolcalyx
Complete the chart at
right that describes some
of the structures and
functions of the 4 major
lipid types in a cell.
Lipid Type
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
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Steroids
Waxes
Explain the relationship of
the terms: proteins,
amino acids, peptides and
polypeptides
Describe each of the 4
Protein
types of protein structures Structure Level
Primary
Description
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Explain the most
important outcome of the
various forms of bonding
and folding of proteins.
Describe the structure and
function of enzymes
Explain the relationship
between a protein in its
native state and one in its
denatured state
Explain the relationship
between DNA, RNA and
proteins.
Describe the two
functions of ATP the cell
1.
2.
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What 3 elements are
present in all of the 4
biological
macromolecules?
Describe nomenclature
Describe classification
Explain the binomial
system of nomenclature
and give two examples.
List the eight taxonomic
categories from most
general to most specific.
List the 3 domains in
taxonomy
What domain is each of
these Kingdoms classified
under?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.
Kingdom
Monera
Domain
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
***Understanding of ALL of the underlined terms in this document is needed to succeed in this class. To
further study these terms do one of the following:
Make flash cards of all terms
Make a concept map of all terms (if you don’t know what this is look it up on Wikipedia)
Write out definitions of all terms
Or come up with your own way of studying these terms. Just make sure to ok it with me to make sure you’ll
get your extra credit.
This must be turned in attached to this study guide at the time the study guide is due!!!!
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What’s working well and
what’s a suggestion to
help things work better?
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