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Transcript
بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم FAMILY: VIBRIONACEAE Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh 3 Important Genera: • Vibrio • Aeromonas, • Plesiomonas • Oxidase +ve Habitat: بسم هللا الرمحن الرحيم Vibrio cholerae I. V. cholera O1: • Agglutinate in Antisera Directed Against O1 Antigen. • Produce Enterotoxin. 2. Non-Toxigenic V. cholera O1: 3. Non O1 V. cholera (NCV, NAV): II. V. cholerae O139 Vibrio cholerae Gram-negative, curved rods Vibrio cholerae Leifson flagella stain Vibrio cholerae curved rods with polar flagellum (EM) V. cholerae O1 --------------------------------------------------- Biotye Haemolysis (SRBC) VP El-tor + Classic -- + -- Resistance to PB + ---------------------------------------------------- VIRULENCE FACTORS: • Enterotoxin: CT • Adherence: Ability to Attach to the Microvilli at the Brush Borders of the Epithelial Cells. EPIDEMIOLOGY: • Causes Widespread Disease. • Human Carriers: • Modern International Travel: PATHOGENESIS & CLINICAL INFECTION: • • • • • Infectious Dose: Incubation period: Abrupt Onset of Diarrhoea & Vomiting Stool > Watery (Rice Water), Odorless Fatality Rate: LAB. DIAGNOSIS: • Isolation & Identification of the Organism. • Media: TCBS • Transport Media: TREATMENT: • Prompt Replacement of Fluid & Elecrolytes • Tetracycline and others PREVENTION & CONTROL: • Adequate Sewage Treatment and Water Purification Systems. • Vaccination: ?? Typical Vibrio cholera contaminated water supply Vibrio parahaemolyticus • Halophilic vibrio • Associated with seafood • Gastroenteritis: – Outbreaks of Food Poisoning • Extraintestinal infections > wounds • Virulence Factors: – Haemolysin > – heat-stable cytotoxin – Heat-labile enterotoxin – Adherence to human intestinal cells Aeromonas species A. hydrophila, A. sobria & A. caviae • Enterotoxins, Cytotoxins, Haemolysins, Etc… • Gastroenteritis, Septicaemia, and Skin & Wound Infections TREATMENT • TMP-SMX, Tetracycline, Gentamicin • Resistant to b-Lactam Antibiotics.