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The Circulatory System #1 Purpose of the Circulatory System • Transports O2, nutrients, vitamins, CO2, hormones and waste products • On average a human has 4 – 6 liters of blood in their body • The average weight of a heart is 10 ounces #2 3 Circulatory Systems • Coronary circulation: – The movement of blood through the heart . Provides nutrients and takes away wastes from the heart muscle tissue. #2 3 Circulatory Systems • Pulmonary circulation: The movement of blood through the heart to the lungs and back. #2 3 Circulatory Systems • Systemic circulation: Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout your body, with the exception of the heart and lungs #3 Blood Centrifuge #3 Components of Blood • PLASMA: - Pale – yellow liquid - Mostly made of water - Carries nutrients and waste products to different parts of the body #3 Components of Blood • Red Blood Cells (RBC) - Carries oxygen - Contains hemoglobin - Makes up 1/3rd of all cells in the human body - Does not have a nucleus - 120 day lifespan #3 Components of Blood • White Blood Cells (WBC) - Has a nucleus, no hemoglobin - Uses bloodstream for transportation to sites of injury - Engulfs pathogens, cell debris #3 • Platelets Components of Blood Helps blood-clotting at sites of injury by clumping together #4 VESSELS • ARTERY - Carries blood away from the heart - Thickest walls - Pulmonary arteries: carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs - Aorta: sends oxygenated blood to the systemic circulatory system (body) #4 VESSELS • CAPILLARY - Location where gas and nutrient exchange occurs - Thinnest walls • In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen • In the tissues, oxygen and carbon dioxide and nutrients and wastes are exchanged • In the kidneys, wastes are released to be eliminated from the body • In the intestine, nutrients are picked up, and wastes released #4 VESSELS • VEIN Carries blood to the heart & has one-way valves - Pulmonary vein: carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart - Jugular vein : brings deoxygenated blood from the head to the heart (found along side of neck) #5 Cholesterol • Cholesterol is a lipid found in the bloodstream and your body's cells. • LDL “BAD” : joins with fats and other substances to build up in the inner walls of your arteries PLAQUE • HDL “GOOD”: carries harmful cholesterol away #6 Blood Typing #7 • Rh factor • • • • Rh Factor Type of protein on the surface of red blood cells. Most people who have the Rh factor are Rh+ Those who do not have the Rh factor are RhRh+ is a dominant trait • Erythroblastosis fetalis a potentially life-threatening blood disorder in a fetus or newborn infant Rh Factor & Erythroblastosis Fetalis #8 Anatomy of the Heart Aorta Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Artery Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Vein Right Atrium Pulmonary Aortic Valve Valve Left Atrium Mitral Valve Tricuspid Valve Right Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Left Ventricle Pulmonary Vein #9 Blood Flow Sequence 1. Blood that has circulated through the body, which has lost its oxygen and collected carbon dioxide, enters through the vena cava into the right atrium of the heart. 2. The right atrium contracts and pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. 3. The right ventricle then pumps blood through the pulmonary artery into the lungs. 4. In the lungs, tiny blood vessels called capillaries absorb carbon dioxide from the blood and replace it with oxygen. 5. Oxygenated blood then flows through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium. 6. Oxygenated blood then pumps through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle. 7. The left side of the heart contracts to send blood out the left ventricle and through the aortic arch on its way to all parts of the body. 8. Blood will move through the arteries, then through capillaries, and then return through the veins. 9. Deoxygenated blood will then return to the heart through the vena cava. 10. The cycle repeats. #9 Blood Flow Sequence