Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Management of acute coronary syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Coronary artery disease wikipedia , lookup
Quantium Medical Cardiac Output wikipedia , lookup
Antihypertensive drug wikipedia , lookup
Lutembacher's syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Atrial septal defect wikipedia , lookup
Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries wikipedia , lookup
The Cardiovascular System Pharmacology Ch. 12 The Cardiovascular System Heart – Pumps the blood through the blood vessels Blood Vessels – Carries the blood – Arteries and Veins Blood – Carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and waste products to and from the cells Heart Central organ Located in chest cavity between the lungs Large muscle that: – Initiates systemic arterial pulse waves – Causes blood to circulate throughout body – To supply nutrients and oxygen Made up of three layers – Endocardium – Myocardium – Epicardium Pericardium – Protective membrane sac How the Heart Works Right Side –Pumps blood from the body to the lungs Left Side –Pumps blood from the lungs to the body The Four Chambers of the Heart Upper Chambers (Atria) – Receiving chambers Left Atrium Right Atrium Lower Chambers – Pumping Chambers Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Septum-Separates the Left and Right Right Side Vena Cava – Superior – Inferior Right Atrium Right Ventricle Pulmonary Arteries Coronary arteries– supply heart with oxygen Right Side Cont. Atrioventricular Valve (AV) or Tricuspid Semilunar Valve (SV) or Pulmonary Left Side Pulmonary Veins Left Atrium Left Ventricle Aorta Left Side Cont. AV – Mitral or Bicuspid SV – Aortic Anatomy of the Heart Blood Oxygenation Cardiac Cycle Phase 1 – Systole –Contraction Phase 2 – Diastole-Relaxation Mummer Cardiac Cycle Cont Sinoatrial Node (SA) Atrioventricular Node (AV) Cardiac Cycle Cont. Normal Heart Rate = 60-80 Sinus rhythm- Normal rhythm Bradycardia< 60 beats a minute Tachycardia> 100 beats a minute-normal during exercise or stress. Blood Vessels Arteries – Aorta – Arterioles Capillaries – exchange oxygen and nutrients Veins – Venules Flow of Blood from the Heart Aorta Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins Vena Cava Right Atrium Left Ventricle Pulmonary Arteries Lungs Pulmonary Veins Left Atrium Left Ventricle Aorta Blood Pressure A measure of force that blood exerts against a vessel wall. Controlled by the – Nervous System – Kidneys Categories for Blood Pressure Levels in Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) Blood Pressure Level Category Systolic Diastolic Normal < 120 and < 80 Prehypertension 120-139 or 80-89 High Blood Pressure Stage 1 Hypertension 140–159 or 90–99 Stage 2 Hypertension 160 or 100 Blood The Two main functions – transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells – carry carbon dioxide and waste materials away from the cells. Blood also transfers heat to the body surface and plays a role in defending the body against disease. Blood Cont Plasma Blood Cells and Solids – RBC – WBC – Platelets Blood Types What is the most common blood type? The approximate distribution of blood types in the US population is as follows. Distribution may be different for specific racial and ethnic groups: O+ 38 percent O - 7 percent - Universal Donor A + 34 percent A - 6 percent B + 9 percent B - 2 percent AB + 3 percent Universal Recipient AB - 1 percent The End!