Download Heart - Fulton County Schools

This muscle never stops working…
It works when you are asleep…
It works when you eat…
It really works when you exercise….
What is it????
The HEART
Located between the
lungs in the mid
thoracic region
Apex points toward
the left hip
Surrounded by a
membrane called the
pericardium
Composed of cardiac
muscle tissue
The chambers:
Left & Right Atria
Left & Right Ventricles
The vessels:
Pulmonary artery & vein
Superior & inferior vena cava
Aorta
The valves:
Atrioventricular valves = Tricuspid, Mitral,
Semilunar valves = Pulmonary & Aortic
The Valves
Allow blood to flow in only one direction
The pulmonary semilunar valve
is the doorway between the right
ventricle and the pulmonary
artery which carries “dirty”
blood to the lungs
The aortic semilunar valve is the
doorway between the left
ventricle and the aorta which
carries “clean” blood to the body
The Valves
Allow blood to flow in only one direction
The tricuspid valve separates the
right atrium and right ventricle
Composed of 3 flaps
The mitral valve (sometimes called
the bicuspid valve) separates the
left atrium and left ventricle
Composed of 2 flaps
Valves open as blood is pumped through
Held in place by chordae tendineae (“heart strings”)
Superior vena cava
enters right atrium
Rt Pulmonary veins
enters left atrium
Aorta
leaves left
ventricle
Pulmonary artery
leaves right
ventricle
L Pulmonary veins
enters left atrium
Inferior vena cava
enters right atrium
The Vessels
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Carry deoxygenated
blood from the upper
and lower parts of the
body into the heart
Pulmonary Arteries
Carry deoxygenated
blood from the heart
to the lungs
Pulmonary Veins
Carry oxygenated
blood from the
lungs to the heart
Aorta
Carries oxygenated
blood from the heart
out to the body
Cardiovascular System
A DOUBLE PUMP system
Pulmonary Circuit
RA  RV  Pulmonary artery  capillary beds of the alveoli
Systemic Circuit
capillary beds of the alveoli  LA  LV Aorta  Body
Functions to deliver oxygen
and nutrients and to
remove carbon dioxide and
other waste products
Oxygen-poor blood (shown in
blue) flows from the body into
the right atrium.
Blood flows through the
right atrium into the right
ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps
the blood to the lungs, where
the blood releases waste
gases and picks up oxygen.
The newly oxygen-rich blood
(shown in red) returns to the
heart and enters the left
atrium.
Blood flows through the left
atrium into the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps the
oxygen-rich blood to all parts
of the body.
Lub Dub
If you listen to
your heartbeat, it
makes a lub dub
sound.
The lub is when blood
is pushed out of the
heart into the body
and the dub is the
reloading of the heart
with more blood ready
to push it out to the
body
Heart
Facts
Hold out your hand and make a fist. If you're a
kid, your heart is about the same size as your
fist, and if you're an adult, it's about the same
size as two fists.
Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one
day and about 35 million times in a year. During
an average lifetime, the human heart will beat
more than 2.5 billion times.
Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using about the same
amount of force your heart uses to pump blood out to the body.
Even at rest, the muscles of the heart work hard--twice as hard as
the leg muscles of a person sprinting.
The human heart can create enough pressure that it could squirt blood
at a distance of thirty feet.
Scientists have discovered that the longer the ring finger is in boys the
less chance they have of having a heart attack.
COMPOSITION BOOK
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Cut out diagram of heart
Label the major vessels
Label the chambers
Label the valves
Color the areas of deoxygenated
blood blue
• Color the areas of oxygenated blood
red
• Answer the following
questions in complete sentences on
the page below your diagram
1. Why is the cardiovascular system referred to as a “double pump” system?
2. Where does the systemic circuit go?
3. What is the name of the circuit that is responsible for oxygenating the blood?