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Arteries & Veins To Know For Practical Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System • Sinoatrial Node (SA node) - the pacemaker; where the action potential originates, starting each heartbeat • As action potential moves, contraction of atria is stimulated • Atrioventricular Node (AV node) - receives action potential from SA node and sends along to… Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System • Atrioventricular Bundle (Bundle of His) – branches off into right and left bundle branches, and then sends action potential along to… • Purkinje Fibers – action potential received begins ventricular contraction at apex and continues contraction back up toward atria, helping to eject blood into pulmonary trunk or aortic arch Labeling The Heart • AD: (Left) Pulmonary Artery • AE: Left Atrium • BC: Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve • BD: Aortic Semilunar Valve • BE: Left Ventricle • CD: Aorta Labeling The Heart • Let’s Also Label… – – – – Pulmonary Trunk Pulmonary Semilunar Valve Septum Apex Artery Circulation • Aorta: largest artery in body; exits left ventricle and is divided into three parts – Ascending aorta – Aortic arch – Descending aorta Artery Circulation – Ascending aorta: Where aorta first comes up; right and left coronary arteries branch from here Artery Circulation – Aortic arch: arching posteriorly and to the left and has three branches • Brachiocephalic artery • Left common carotid • Left subclavian artery Aortic Arch • Brachiocephalic – Right Common Carotid: head • Internal Carotid: brain • External Carotid: face Aortic Arch • Brachiocephalic – Right Subclavian: right upper limb • Turns into axillary at armpit • Turns into brachial • Branches into radial and ulnar • Joins back & forms deep palmar arch, superficial palmar arch, and digital arteries Aortic Arch • Left Common Carotid: head • Internal Carotid: brain • External Carotid: face Aortic Arch • Left Subclavian: left upper limb – Branches in the same way that Right Subclavian does Aorta • Descending Aorta – Thoracic Aorta: portion in thorax, above diaphragm. – Abdominal Aorta: below diaphragm; ends as two common iliac arteries Abdominal Aorta • Celiac Trunk: spleen, stomach, and liver • Renal: Kidneys • Splits into Right & Left Common Iliac Arteries Right & Left Common Iliac • Splits into… – Internal Iliac Artery: bladder, rectum, genitalia – External Iliac Artery: • turns into Femoral Artery: thigh • Turns into Popliteal Artery: knee area • Branches into Anterior & Posterior Tibial Arteries and Fibial Artery: lower leg & foot Vein Circulation • Three Major Sections emptying back into right atrium… – Coronary Sinus: Great, Anterior, Small, and Middle Cardiac Veins – Superior Vena Cava – Inferior Vena Cava Upper Body • Superior Vena Cava: receive blood from head, neck, and upper extremities; splits into… – Right and Left Brachiocephalic • Internal Jugular: Brain • External Jugular: Face • Turns into Subclavian… Subclavian • Turns into axillary at armpit, which breaks into… – Cephalic – Brachial • Radial • Ulnar • Digital – Basilic • Median Cubital joins it back up with Cephalic; often, a site of drawing blood – Deep palmar arch, superficial palmar arch, and digital veins Lower Body • Inferior Vena Cava – Hepatic Veins: liver – Hepatic Portal: Takes blood from the digestive tract, spleen, pancreas to the liver – Renal: Kidneys – Splits into Right & Left Common Iliac Veins Right & Left Common Iliac • Internal Iliac Vein – bladder, rectum, genitalia • External Iliac Vein – Great Saphenous: branches off, runs along femur, longest vein in body – EIV turns into Femoral Vein: thigh • Turns into Popliteal Vein: knee area • Branches into Anterior & Posterior Tibial Veins and Fibular Vein: lower leg & foot