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Heartsaver AED for the Lay Rescuer and First Responder ©American Heart Association Extent of the Problem 1.1 million heart attacks 480,000 deaths due to coronary heart disease 250,000 prehospital cardiac arrests Recognize Emergency and Call 911 Airway obstruction – Universal distress signal, blue skin Respiratory arrest – Not breathing but has pulse Cardiac arrest – Not breathing and no pulse Activate EMS Know your local EMS number Give the location of call Telephone number The nature of the emergency Advise that AED is on the scene Don’t hang up until dispatcher advises Signs of Cardiac Arrest Unresponsive Not breathing No pulse AEDs and Ventricular Fibrillation VF is the most frequent initial rhythm in sudden cardiac arrest VF is a useless quivering of the heart that results in no blood flow Defibrillation is the only effective treatment for VF Successful electrical defibrillation diminishes rapidly over time Time and AEDs Approximately 50% survival after 5 minutes Survival reduced by 7% to 10% each minute Rapid defibrillation 100 is key 80 CPR helps extend 60 survival time 40 Survival 20 0 1 3 6 10 minutes Priorities and the AED C A B D - Circulation Airway Breathing Defibrillation AEDs and Personnel One rescuer – Unresponsiveness – Call 911 – Get the AED – Assess Breathing/Pulse – Attach AED Two rescuers – #1 – Call 911/Perform CPR – #2 – Attach AED More than two rescuers – #1 – Call 911 – #2 – Attach AED – #3 – Perform CPR Special Considerations Is victim lying in water? Is victim less than 8 years old? Is victim wearing a transdermal medication patch on his or her chest? Does victim have a pacemaker or implanted defibrillator? Operation of AED POWER ON the AED ATTACH pads ANALYZE rhythm SHOCK (if advised) Electrode Pad Placement Right electrode pad – To the right of the breastbone – Below the collarbone above the right nipple Left electrode pad – Outside the left nipple, upper edge of the pad several inches below the left armpit Effective Adherence of Pads Sweaty chest – Dry with a towel – Do not use alcohol Hairy chest – Shaving may be needed AED Safety No patient contact during analysis and shock Warn bystanders: – “I’m clear” – “You’re clear” – “Everybody’s clear” Perform a visual inspection Press to shock