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At which/what hotel will I be staying during the conference? What is your favorite sport? (Unlimited options) Which is your favorite sport; hockey, baseball, or soccer? (Limited options) what vs. which Cat, squirrel, misjudge, violin, photo, arm, wrist, unlock, thumb, entertainment, carry, alarm Noun Verb Word Category Sort Noun or Verb Large, smooth, amaze, dry, calm, drunk, silence, renew, thin, mellow, red, force Adjective Verb Adjective or Verb Word Category Sort Deadly, heavy, poor, poorly, good, well, faster, early, late, soon Adjective Adverb Adjective or Adverb Word Category Sort And, although, during, since, while, except, because, of, but, after, near, until Preposition Conjunction Word Category Sort Preposition or Conjunctions CATEGORIES OF WORDS Vocabulary to Talk about Language Create Your Foldable! Noun Lexical Categories: supply wordbased meaning Pronoun Verb Determiner Adjective Preposition Adverb Conjunction Grammatical Categories: Give structure to sentences Create Your Foldable! The apple was delicious. I love to dance all night long. Things that can be A word or form mentioned, talked that substitutes for about, or referred a noun or noun to. phrase. Reports actions and states; introduces predicates. Words that come before a noun and determine them. Attributes some quality to a noun or pronoun. Words that begin a prepositional phrases; express spatial relations Used to add meaning to a verb and qualify an adjective. Words that link sentences or clauses together. In each of the following sentences, one item is italicized. Identify its category (part of speech). 1. There was not enough oxygen in the fish tank. 2. The children had been flying kites in the park. 3. He had gone to the movies with some of his friends. 4. He was wearing a pink blazer and a green tie. 5. The eighteenth century was a time of intense reflection on the human condition. 6. An ingeniously contrived arrangement of string and tin cans guarded the entrance. 7. They were coming for us at eight o’clock. 8. Someone asked me to hand over my passport. 9. The books were fascinating. 10.All the guests were leaving. • Auxiliary Verbs: usually accompanies a main verb (main verb provides semantic content). • • • • • • Do you want tea? He has given his all That was said many times She has gone home I have seen the sun We are being helped Master Class: Auxiliary Verbs • Prepositional phrases: preposition followed by a noun or pronoun • Prepositional complements: the noun or pronoun in a prepositional phrase • • • • I drove the car around the block She ran up the stairs like a madwoman The child hid behind his mother He ate his cereal with a spoon Master Class: Prepositions • Coordinating conjunctions: connects words, phrases, and clauses • The bowl of stew is hot and delicious • My cat loves having his head scratched but hates getting his claws trimmed • Subordinating conjunctions: connects a dependent clause with an independent clause • Because her teeth were chattering in fear, Lynda clenched her jaw while waiting for her audition • We looked on top of the refrigerator, where Jenny will often hide a bag of chocolate chip cookies Master Class: Conjunctions • Articles: indicates the type of reference • The children know a fast way home • Demonstratives: indicate which entities being referred to • Look at this cool sweater • These are beautiful flowers • Quantifiers: indicates quantity being referred to • Every glass in my recent order was chipped • A lot of people are smart Master Class: Determiners • Numerals: indicates numerical quantity being referred to • Each team consists of eleven players • They’ve invited me to a second interview • Possessives: indicates ownership of noun being referred to • This is my awesome new hat • She feels fully rested when sleeping in her own bed Master Class: Determiners In each of the following sentences, identify the word(s) that belong to the category or have the function indicated in parentheses after the sentence. 1. The toolshed behind the parking lot looked cluttered. (adjective) 2. I looked up the word in an old dictionary. (complement of preposition) 3. The “fast” train to Boston was quite slow. (adverb) 4. Besides Marty and me, a couple of flashy-looking guys, each with two body guards, were in the elevator. (coordinating conjunction) 5. Gary had a battered Mercedes that had seen better days (auxiliary verb) 6. I will have another of those delicious Campari sodas, please. (demonstrative) 7. Apparently Fred had been hallucinating again. (verb) 8. These marginal sects are unlikely to influence the election. (article) 9. Since they have vented the nuclear reactors again, we will have to cancel our outdoor barbecue. (subordinating conjunction) 10.The editor maintains that that “that” that I used should be “which.” (demonstrative)