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Learning To Use New Testament Greek Lesson IV John 1:1 Ἐν ἀrχῇ ἦν ὁ λόγος, καὶ ὁ λόγος ἦν πrὸς τὸν θεόν, καὶ θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος. John 1:2 οὗτος ἦν ἐν ἀrχῇ πrὸς τὸν θεόν. John 1:3 πάντα δι᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, καὶ χωrὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἕν ὃ γέγονεν. John 1:4 ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἦν, καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθrώπων. John 1:5 καὶ τὸ φῶς ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ φαίνει, καὶ ἡ σκοτία αὐτὸ οὐ κατέλαβεν. Parts Of Speech • Nouns – • Adjectives – • A word that names a person, place, thing, quality or idea • CristoV - Christ A word used to modify a noun • agaqoV - good Verbs – Words that express action, being or state of being Parts Of Speech • Adverb – Word used to modify a verb, an adjective or another adverb • Pronoun – Word that fills in for / takes part of noun • requires an antecedent • Preposition – A word that links a noun with another noun, pronoun or word. • Shows relationship between nouns. – ek = out of exit – epi = upon something epidermis – episkopoV= I Pet 5:1-2 (overseer) – eis = into/unto/for Acts 2:38 Parts Of Speech •Conjunction – A word that links and relates two parts of a sentence. • Repent and be baptized for the remission of sins. •Interjection – Words that often stand alone and which express surprise. • Oh! Hey! Jesus quickly went into the small house and He healed the man who was dying. Inflection • • inflecto (Latin) = I bend Inflection is bending or altering a word to fit a unique purpose in that particular sentence. o” apostolos blepei ton qeon o” qeoV blepei ton apostolon Elements Of Greek • • • • • • Mood Voice Person Number Tense **Stem** Elements Of Greek • Mood – The kind of action to the realm of reality • Indicative – I loose the servant. • Has happened, will happen, is happening (certain) • Subjunctive – Though he loose the servant, I will not go. John 3:16 • The realm of possibility of something happening (wishful) • Imperative – Loose the servant. • The mood of command. • Infinitive – To loose the servant is difficult. • Can express a verbal idea without limiting by specifying person & number Elements Of Greek • Voice – The relationship between the subject and the verb. • Active – the subject is said to perform the action. • The apostle looses the slave. • Passive – the subject receives the action of the verb. • The slave is being loosed by the apostle. • Middle – the subject performs the action but for, or to, itself • The slave looses himself. Elements Of Greek • Person – Expresses whether the subject is speaking (1st person), is being spoken to (2nd person), or is being spoken about (3rd person). Singular Plural 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person I you he/she/it we you all he/she/it Elements Of Greek • Number – Whether the subject is singular or plural • Tense – Reference to time element (past, present, future) & kind of action (imperfective, aoristic, perfective). Elements Of Greek Time Of Action Kind Of Action Past Present Future Imperative in process / ongoing Imperfect eluon – I was loosing Present luw – I loose (am loosing) Future lusw – I will loose Aoristic undefined (no comment on time) Aorist elusa – I loosed Present luw – I loose Future lusw – I will loose Perfective completed state of action Pluperfect lelukein – I had loosed Perfect leluka – I have loosed Future Perfect lusw – I will loose