Download Are the following groups of words sentences?

Are the following groups of words
sentences?
Birds fly.
Toni bought.
Our mechanic is.
Richard feels.
Birds fly can stand by itself as a
sentence, but the others begun by a
subject and its verb and must be
completed with other words. These
words are called complements.
Definition of a complement:
A complement is a word or a
group of words that completes the
meaning of a subject and a verb.
Complements
Complements are usually nouns,
pronouns, or adjectives.
They can be found right after or very close
to the verb in the sentence.
Can you find the complements within the
following sentences?
Toni bought cars.
The eyewitness told us the story.
Our mechanic is a poet.
Richard feels sad.
Types of Complements
Direct Objects
Indirect Objects
Subject Complements
Direct Objects
 Direct objects are complements that are used
after action verbs.
 Definition: A direct object is a noun or pronoun
that receives the action of a transitive verb.
 A direct object can be found by asking Whom?
Or What? After an action verb.
 Example: The message reached the lawyer.
Question you ask yourself: Reached whom?
Answer: Lawyer.
Direct Objects like subjects
and verbs can be compound.
Example:
Mother invited Uncle Bill and Aunt Clara.
Question you ask yourself: Invited whom?
Answer: Unce Bill, Aunt, Clara
Just like in statements, questions word order
is inverted. Therefore, the position of a direct
object in a sentence may change. In question,
sometimes the direct object is near the
beginning of the sentence, before the verb.
Inverted Word Order for Questions
 Normal Word Order:
You did ask who for
help.
He does want what
from us.
He does want which
car from the dealership.
 Questions
Whom did you ask for
help?
What does he want
from us?
Which car does he
want from the
dealership?
HINT!
*In essence, if you are having trouble finding
the direct object in a question rephrase the
sentence in normal word order, as shown in
the previous examples.
Indirect Objects
 If there is a direct object within a sentence, there
may also be another type of complement called
an indirect object.
 Definition: An indirect object is a noun or
pronoun that comes after an action verb and
before a direct object. It names the person or
thing to which something is given or for which
something is done.
 An indirect object answer the question To whom
or for whom? Or To what or for what? after an
action verb. (You must find the direct object first,
then ask the question.)
For Example:
I told them the story.
Question you ask: Told to whom?
Answer: them.
Pattern
Subject ----Verb----Indirect Object----Direct
Object
Like a subject, verb, or direct
object, and indirect object can be
compound.
Example:
Dave gave each car and truck a new color.
Question to ask yourself: to what?
Answer: car, truck.
Subject Complements
Linking verbs have a different type of
complement than action verbs (direct and
indirect objects) which is called a subject
complement.
Definition: A subject complement is a
noun, a pronoun, or adjective that follows
a linking verb and tells something about
the subject.
Three Types of Subject Complements
Subject Complements
Predicate PronounPredicate NounPredicate AdjectiveFollows a linking verb
Follows a linking verb
Follows a linking verb
and renames or identifies
and renames or identifies
And describes the subject
the subject.
the subject.
of the sentence.
Examples:
Example of Predicate NounRonnie will be captain of our team.
Example of Predicate PronounThe two winners are they.
Example of Predicate AdjectiveThe flight to Houston was swift.
A Compound subject complement consists of
two or more predicate nouns, pronouns, or
adjectives.
Example:
My two best friends are Phil and
Mark.