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Detailed Map •There is an amazing variety of animals found in the Rocky Mountains. •The types of animals found here is one of the contributing factors to the increase of tourism in recent decades. Some can include: •Beaver •Bighorn Sheep •Black Bear •Coyote •Elk •Marmot •Moose •Mountain Lion •Mule Deer •Pika •Snowshoe Hare •Squirrels & Chipmunks In 10,000 B.C. the PaleoIndian Hunters enter the park as the glaciers retreat. In 1803 the Louisiana Purchase includes the land that would become the National Park. In 1843 Rufus B. Sage is the first explorer to enter the east side of the park and write about it. In 1871 Clarence King's "U.S. Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel" explores the Park In 1874 Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden’s “US Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories” enter the parks In 1907 Enos Mills, James Grafton Rodgers, and others begin lobbying for the establishment of Rocky Mountains National Park On September 4, 1915 the Rocky Mountains, NP is dedicated. In1964 the Wilderness Act was passed which later allowed further protection of the park. In 2007 the Final Elk and Vegetation Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement released. The initial phase of the preferred alternative relies on a variety of conservation tools including fencing, redistribution, vegetation restoration and lethal reduction (culling). In future years, the park will, using adaptive management principles, reevaluate opportunities to use wolves or fertility control as additional tools. Record of Decision signed February 2008. Volcanism Most of the eruptions in the Rockies were andesitic. Glaciers Primary Features Found in the Rocky Mountains: •Cirques •Horns •Cols Some volcanic features that can be found here are obsidian, natural glass, breccia, andesitic conglomerate, coarse-grained pegmatites, and hydrothermal veins of quartz, dikes, sills, and stocks. The Rocky Mountains got their jagged shapes from the mountain glaciers that were once there. Volcanic Features are mainly found in the southern Rockies on the Front Range. Also Lava Cliff and Specimen Mountain are two well known places in the Rockies that were formed by volcanic forces. Tectonics played a part in where the Rockies are located, in the Front Range of Colorado. It was because of the low angle subduction that made the igneous and metamorphic rock of the craton, or the material that forms the central mass of a continent, to be thrust upward. Found also in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains are occurrences of orogeny, or when a section of the Earth’s crust is folded and deformed by lateral compression to form a mountain range. This is a very unusual occurrence and it is still being studied by scientists. Important Vocabulary • Col: Low place in an arete. • Orogeny: Orogeny is when a mountain range is formed, due to lateral compression. • Craton: The craton is the stable, center mass of a plate. Bibliography (January 25, 2012). Rocky Mountain Nature & Science. Retrieved from: http://www.nps.gov/romo/naturescience/index.htm (March 21, 2012). Big Game Harvest Survey Statistics & Hunting Recap Summaries. Retrieved From: http://wildlife.state.co.us/hunting/biggame/statistics/Pages/Statistics.aspx (July 30, 2008). Rocky Mountain Timeline of Historical Events. Retrieved From: http://www.nps.gov/romo/historyculture/time_line_of_historic_events.htm USGS, (January 13, 2004). Geological Providences of the United States: Rocky Mountains. Retrieved from: http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/parks/province/rockymtn.html Anna G. Harris, E.T. (2004). Geology of the National Parks Sixth Edition. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall / Hunt Publishing Company. Lillie, R.J. (2005). Parks and Plates. New York. W. Norton and Company.