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Final Review Grammar Parts of Speech • Noun- person, place, thing, or idea NOUNS Nouns can be concrete or abstract. • Concrete= something tangible Ex. Desk, chair, medicine, diabetes • Abstract= something intangible Ex. Love, kindness, self-control NOUNS Nouns can be common or proper. • Common=general nouns Ex. cocker spaniel, high school, chair • Proper= specific nouns Ex. Rover, Valley Christian High School, Lazyboy Parts of Speech • Noun- person, place, thing, or idea • Pronoun- replaces a noun PRONOUNS st 1 nd 2 rd 3 Person Person Person I, we, me, you, your, us, my, our, yours ours he, she, it, they, him, her, them, his, hers, its PRONOUNS • Indefinite pronouns: Singular another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, little, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, other, somebody, someone, something Plural both, few, many, others, several Singular or Plural all, any, more, most, none, some PRONOUNS • Demonstrative pronouns= pronouns that point to things Ex. that book, this chair Can be used as pronouns or determiners: Pronoun: This is the book that I want. Determiner: This book is my favorite. PRONOUNS • Relative Pronouns= relate one part of the sentence to another Ex. that, what, whatever, who, whoever, etc. Often used to begin clauses. Parts of Speech • Noun- person, place, thing, or idea • Pronoun- replaces a noun • Verb- indicates action or state of being VERBS • State of being verbs= linking verbs BE is the most important linking verb Forms: is, are, were, was, am, be, being, been Parts of Speech • • • • Noun- person, place, thing, or idea Pronoun- replaces a noun Verb- indicates action or state of being Verbal-a verb that acts like another part of speech VERBALS • Infinitive= to + a verb infinitives can act like nouns, adj, or adv. • Gerund= a verb ending in –ing gerunds always act like nouns • Participles= the past or present participle participles act like adj. VERBALS Examples• Munching and chomping, the small child talked with his mouth open. • I asked to be excused. • Eating had lost its appeal. Parts of Speech • • • • Noun- person, place, thing, or idea Pronoun- replaces a noun Verb- indicates action or state of being Verbal-a verb that acts like another part of speech • Adjective-describes a noun or pronoun • Determiner-limits a noun or pronoun Parts of Speech • Adverb-describes a verb, adj, or adv. ADVERBS • Answer the questions: HOW? WHERE? WHEN? TO WHAT EXTENT? Parts of Speech • Adverb-describes a verb, adj, or adv. • Preposition-relates words to others PREPOSITIONS • 50 prepositions: about above across after against along amid among around at atop before behind below beneath beside between beyond but by concerning down during except for from in inside into like near of off on onto out outside over past regarding since through throughout to toward under underneath until up upon with within without Parts of Speech • Adverb- describes a verb, adj, or adv. • Preposition- relates words to others • Conjunction- joins words or parts of the sentence Parts of a Sentence Disneyland is the happiest place on earth, but my parents always complain about the cost of food while we’re there. Parts of a Sentence If we go on vacation, we will need to make reservations very soon. Partsof of aaSentence Parts Sentence Denise, the girl in the second row, is planning a trip to New York. Partsof of aaSentence Parts Sentence Don’t forget to pack sunscreen! Partsof of aaSentence Parts Sentence Screaming loudly, the baby has made everyone on the airplane miserable. Partsof of aaSentence Parts Sentence I know that tanning can increase the chance of getting melanoma. Partsof of aaSentence Parts Sentence To whom was Ryan talking?