Download reported speech

Grammar and Usage
南京五中
方玉勇
黄祖明
Lead-in
T: What did you eat this morning?
direct speech
S1: ‘I ate ….’
T：What did S1 say, S2?
reported speech
S2: S1 said he/she ate….
We use direct speech to report what exactly has
been said. If we write the speech down, the
words will usually appear in quotation marks.
1 Which one is direct speech and which one is
reported speech?
He said, ‘I will go to school tomorrow.’ (direct speech)
She told us something secret. (reported speech)
2 Change the direct speech into reported speech.
She said, ‘This film is quite interesting.’
She said that that film was quite interesting.
‘Finish the project tomorrow.’ he said to me.
He asked me to finish the project the next day.
(Change what has been said to an object clause or
an infinitive phrase.)
What should we pay attention to?
1 personal pronouns and tense
e.g 1 Miss Yang said, ‘ I will buy a new dress.’
Miss Yang said that she would buy a new dress.
Ex. Simon said, ‘ I wrote a letter.’
Simon said that he had written a letter.
How to change the tense? Have a look.
Direct Speech Reported
speech
Direct Speech Reported
speech
Simple
present
Simple past
Simple future Future in the
past
Present
continuous
Past
continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect
Simple past
Past perfect
Present
perfect
continuous
Past
perfect
continuous
Present
perfect
Past perfect
Practice: Change the following sentences
into reported speech.
1 ‘I haven’t brought my dictionary,’ the student said.
The student said that he hadn’t brought his dictionary.
2 Tom said to them, ‘ I will get excited.’
Tom told them that he would get excited.
3 My father said to me, ‘I am reading the book.’
My father told me that he was reading the book.
What should we pay attention to?
1 personal pronouns and tense learn more
2 adverbials of time and place about it
e.g: He said, ‘I lost a key here yesterday.’
He said that he had lost a key there the day
before/the previous day.
Ex. ‘I read the book here a week ago.’Jane said to
him.
Jane told him that she had read the book there
a week before.
Direct speech
Reported speech
today
the day/yesterday/on Monday,etc.
tomorrow
the next day/the following day/on Friday, etc
yesterday
last year
the day before/the previous day/on
Tuesday,etc
the month after/the following month/in
July,etc
the year before/the previous year, etc.
a week ago
a week before/a week earlier, etc.
next month
Practice: Change the following sentences
into reported speech.
1 ‘I will come and see you again this evening, Tom.’
he said.
He told Tom that he would go and see him again
that evening.
2 ‘I will come here again today,’ she said.
She said that she’d go there again that day.
3 The doctor said to the patient, ‘You will have to wait
till 3 pm tomorrow.’
The1 doctor told the patient that he would have to
wait till 3 pm the next day.
What should we pay attention to?
1 personal pronouns and tense
2 adverbials of time and place
3 other cases
Directed speech
Reported speech
this
that
these
those
come
go
Ex: Page 9
Possible answers:
(1) was
(2) wouldn’t
(4)that
(5)would
(7) that
(8) would
(10) Her
(11) was
(12) was going to read
(3) had read
(6) had bought
(9) those
How to use reported speech to report:
statements
questions
imperative sentences
Statements:
*We use noun clauses introduced by that to report
statements.
She said, ‘Ads are an important part of our lives.’
She said that ads are an important part of our lives.
‘There are two main types of ads,’ the writer said to us.
The writer told us that there are two main types of ads.
*More reporting words:
advise agree explain insist promise remind suggest warn
‘PSAs are often placed for free,’ the writer said.
Can you give more
The writer explained that PSAs
are
often
placed
for
examples?
free.
Practice: Change the following sentences
into direct speech.
1 Tom suggested that we should translate the book into
English.
Tom said, ‘You’d better translate the book into English.
2 The student explained that he really didn’t know he
had to finish the work a week before.
The student said, ‘ I really don’t know I must finish
the work a week ago.’
3 The teacher promised that he would give his
students a few holidays at the end of that month.
The teacher said, ‘I will give my students a few
holidays at the end of this month.’
Questions:
*We use noun clauses introduced by whether/if to
report yes/no-questions.
‘Are all ads playing tricks on us?’I asked her.
I asked her whether/if all ads were playing tricks on us.
*We use noun clauses introduced by wh-words to
report wh-questions.
I asked her, ‘How can that be true?’
I asked her how that could be true.
“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?’Bill
asked.
Bill asked where I had found the ads for jobs abroad.
Practice: Change the following sentences
into reported speech.
1 My mother asked me, ‘Do you want to go to the
Great Wall with me?’
My mother asked me whether I wanted to go to the
Great Wall with her.
2 The teacher asked the boy, ‘How many pages have
you read today?’
The teacher asked the boy how many pages he had
read that day.
3 I asked Li Ying, ‘ Where and when were you born?’
I asked Li Ying where and when he was born.
Imperative sentences:
*To report imperative sentences, we use the structure:
reporting verb+object+(not)+to-infinitive.
‘Don’t worry,Mickey,’ Jen said.
Jen asked
Mickey
not
to worry.
reporting verb
object
(not)
to-infinitive
*other verbs can be used in this structure
advise encourage invite remind warn
‘Don’t believe every ad you read,’ Lily said to me.
Lily advised me not to believe every ad I read.
Let’s do some Ex for consolidation!You can do it well!
Practice: Change the following sentences
into direct speech.
1 The teacher reminded me not to forget to learn the
dialogue by heart.
The teacher said to me, ‘Don’t forget to learn the
dialogue by heart.’
2 My brother ordered me to go there at once.
My brother said, ‘ Come here at once.’
3 My father warned us not to throw the waste paper
everywhere.
My father said to us, ‘Don’t throw the waste paper
everywhere.’
Ex. Page 11
A:
2 asked in what way it was different from other
English learning software.
3 asked how it could help him remember English
words.
4 Asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking.
5 asked what the designer would do if she was not
satisfied with the software.
6 asked if it was user-friendly.
Ex. Page 11
B:
2 advises us to use interesting and attractive photos.
3 advises us to use colour to attract people’s attention.
4 advises us to use eye-catching headings to attract
people’s attention.
5 advises us to make the text short and easy to read.
6 advises us to study some good advertisements on
the Internet for ideas.
Homework
1 Finish Ex on Page 92.
2 Make good preparation for Task part.
Thanks!
Bye-bye!