Download www.coolsciencelab.com EXTRA CREDIT: Find a Rock Website

Name: _________________________
www.coolsciencelab.com
EXTRA CREDIT:
Find a Rock Website Activity
Igneous Rocks:
Rhyolite
Basalt
Gabbro
Scoria
Pumice
Obsidian
Granite
Tuff
Serpentine
_________________________ Light-colored rock with a glassy luster. Formed from the bubbly
froth at the top of lava. Will often float on water because most of its bubbles are sealed.
_________________________ A rock filled with holes, usually black, red, or brown. Formed from
gas-filled magma ejected violently from a volcano. Rich in magnesium, this rock doesn't float on water.
_________________________This rock forms below Earth's crust from slowly cooling magma.
Slow cooling allows larger crystals to form. Color ranges from white to gray to pink. Medium to coarse
grains. Contains large amounts of quartz and feldspar plus varying amounts of mica and pyroxene
minerals. The Sierra Nevada and most of the Rocky Mountains are composed of this type of rock.
_________________________This rock forms during rapid cooling of lava. It cools so quickly
that it forms glass and not crystals. Different colors, but often black.
_________________________ Dark, coarse-grained, crystalline. Contains little if any quartz.
Mostly composed of feldspar, olivine, and pyroxene minerals.
_________________________This rock forms from lava erupting onto Earth's surface. It cools
relatively quickly; small crystals form, which are not easy to see. Formed from lava, usually from quiet
volcanic eruptions. Composed of feldspars, pyroxenes, and olivine. Some pieces of this rock include
small holes formed by gas bubbles in the original lava.
_________________________Composed of cemented volcanic ash and glass particles. Could
be considered a sedimentary rock because it is deposited. Often light-colored and not very dense.
_________________________Fine-grained, light-colored. Contains quartz, feldspar, and mica.
_________________________It has a greasy or silky luster and slightly soapy feel. Commonly
green or greenish gray. May be found with metamorphic rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks:
Sandstone Coal
Shale
Limestone Coquina
Conglomerate
Breccia
Dolomite
Diatomite
_________________________Composed of plants living in swampy environments millions of
years ago. Usually black in color.
_________________________May be composed of the remains of sea creatures or from
minerals precipitated from water. May contain fossils. Calcium carbonate is the main ingredient. Fizzes
when acid is dropped on it.
_________________________ Composed of large, rounded pieces of rock. The grains are larger
than those that make up sandstone. This rock is also called puddingstone when they are composed of
pebbles of rocks that differ greatly in color from the matrix.
_________________________ Composed of sharp angular pieces of rocks. Theses grains also
are larger than those that make up sandstone. Sometimes this rock is associated with explosive volcanic
activity. The Apollo astronauts found some of this rock on the Moon.
_________________________ This is one of the most common sedimentary rocks.
Clay and silt
particles settle in areas of slow-moving water. Leaves and other remains of plants and animals may get
buried in the mud. Over time, the pressure of overlying sediments may squeeze the water out of the mud,
and this rock forms. Most kinds of this rock are gray, but they can also be red, green, black, or brown.
Most can be split into layers.
_________________________ Composed of grains ranging in size from 0.02 to 2 mm in
diameter. The grains are usually made of quartz. Sand is carried by wind or water until it is deposited in a
basin. Some dissolved chemicals in rising groundwater are deposited in spaces between the sand grains.
This chemical matrix glues individual grains together and forms this rock.
________________________ Composed mainly of the mineral for which it gets its name. It is
similar to limestone in texture and color, but doesn't fizz easily in acid.
_________________________ This rock is a form of limestone composed of broken, worn shell
fragments. It is usually weakly cemented together, especially in recent deposits.
_________________________ A light-colored, soft rock composed of the siliceous shells, or
frustules, of diatoms, microscopic single-celled aquatic plants.
Metamorphic Rocks:
Marble
Slate
Quartzite
Gneiss
Schist
_________________________ Forms when fine-grained sediments, such as shale and
mudstone, are buried in Earth's crust. The sediments are recrystallized by low temperatures and
pressures. A fine-grained rock that breaks apart into thin plates. Colors can be green, gray, black, and
others. May contain fossils.
_________________________ Coarse-grained with minerals arranged in bands. May form from
rocks such as shale and granite. The crystals are of the same minerals as found in granite.
_________________________ Forms from sandstone that comes in contact with a source of
heat, such as an intrusion of igneous rock. The quartz grains in sandstone grow together by
recrystallization. The space where the matrix was is gone. Often white or pink. It does not react with acid.
_________________________ Forms when rocks, such as granites, are changed by moderate
heat and temperature after burial deep in Earth's crust. Foliated or "wavy" rock. Consists of medium-size,
stretched-out crystals arranged in wavy layers. Sometimes contains semiprecious gems such as garnets.
Often shiny due to the mica flakes at its surface.
_________________________ Forms from calcite-rich rocks, such as limestone, that come in
contact with a source of heat, such as an intrusion of igneous rock. Composed of crystalline calcium
carbonate and other minerals. Crystals are obvious and connected. May be white, green, or pink. Reacts
to acid test. This rock sometimes contain fossils.