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Flashback What body of water would Arab traders need to cross to get to Europe? What city is the largest and richest city in Arabia? Where did people set up villages in Arabia? Why would Arab traders travel in caravans? Muhammad While in the hills to meditate in 610 C.E., he says he was visited by an angel and was told to preach Islam. Traveled around and told people to only follow the one true god (Allah) Muslims believe he was the last major prophet Islam Islam is the religion. Muslim (or Islamic) is the person. 2nd largest religion in the world “Islam” means “surrendering to the will of Allah.” Similarities to Judaism and Christianity Belief in one god (monotheistic) God determines right from wrong Has a law that must be followed Believe God spoke to people through prophets Believe Moses and Abraham were prophets Differences from Judaism and Christianity Muslims believe Ishmael carried the promise of God, not Isaac like the Jews and Christians believe Believe that Jesus references a future prophet Differences from Christianity Muslims believe Jesus and Muhammad were both prophets Christians believe Jesus was divine (the son of God) and not just a prophet Muslims do not believe that Muhammad was divine Quran Muslims wrote down the messages that Muhammad said he received from Allah (God). Quran: holy book of Islam Instructs Muslims how they should live Teaches lessons similar to the Bible Quran Instructs Muslims not to eat pork, drink liquor, or gamble Has rules about marriage, divorce, family life, property rights, and business practices Five Pillars of Islam Belief Prayer Muslims must declare that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is his prophet Muslims must pray five times per day facing toward Mecca Charity Muslims must give to the poor Fasting Muslims must not eat from dawn to dusk during the sacred month of Ramadan Pilgrimage Muslims must visit Mecca once in their life Ramadan Ramadan begins in the evening of July 19, 2012 and ends in the evening of August 18, 2012. Sunnis and Shiah In early Islamic history, Mu’awiyah started to rule. Most Muslims, called Sunnis, came to accept him A minority of Muslims, known as the Shiah, or “party of Ali,” refused to accept him Believed only people directly descended from Muhammad should rule This struggle still exists today