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•Muhammad’s escape from Mecca to Medina is know as the:
Hajj or Hijrah?
•Submission to the will of Allah:
Islam or Muslim?
•Muhammad:
Last of the prophets or first of the prophets?
•Most important city in Islam
Medina or Mecca?
•Delivered revelations to Muhammad
Gabriel or Michael?
•Define revelations:
Why did Islam spread
so fast and what
Muslim beliefs spread
with it ?
SOL: WHI.8a
NCSS: I
Reasons for Quick Spread
1.) Byzantine and Persian Empires
had weakened
2. Christians/Jews not forced
to convert, but Polytheists
were…
- Willing to do so because
Islam promised “equality”
3. Muhammad called for “Jihad” (Holy War
against non-believers)
- motivated Arab armies
•Where have we heard
of Jihad before?
•Islamism?
•Al-Qaeda?
•Osama Bin Laden?
Beliefs & Practices of Islam
1.) 1 god – Allah
2.) Good/Evil exists
3) Free Will
4.) Final judgment day
5.) Heaven/Hell
6.) Qur’an (Koran) = Holy Book
5 Pillars of Islam
1.) Faith
– “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad
is the messenger of Allah”
2.) Prayer
– 5 times a day
– May assemble in Mosque – Islamic
house of worship
– To bring them closer to Allah
– Pray towards Mecca
3.) Alms
–Support of those less fortunate
–Religious tax
–Alms=charity
4.) Fasting
– Holy month of Ramadan
• (9th month of Islamic calendar – month during
which Qur’an was revealed)
– No drinking/eating between dawn/dusk
– Reminds Muslims of greater needs
5.) Pilgrimage
– Also known as Hajj
– Made to Mecca at least once in a lifetime
Muslim way of life
• Personal lives not separated from
religious lives
• Forbidden:
– To eat pork
– Drink alcoholic beverages
• Communal prayer on Friday afternoons
– the Mosque
• No priests or central religious authority
• Imams – prayer leaders in Mosques
Sources of Authority
1. Allah
– expressed his will to Muhammad through
Gabriel
2. Qur’an
– Only Arabic version is true
3. Sunna
– Muhammad’s example
Best model for proper living
4. Shari’a
– Body of law = family life, moral conduct,
business & community life
People of the Book
• Jews & Christians &
Muslims considered
“People of the Book”
• Qur’an word of Allah;
same as Old Testament
for Jews & New
Testament for Christians
• Belief in Heaven & Hell &
afterlife
• All three trace ancestry
to Abraham
•What other religions
have dietary
restrictions?
•Judaism?
•Christianity?
•Hindu?
Pillar Four: Fasting
Pillar 3: Charitable
Giving
“I bear witness that there is none worthy of
worship except God and Muhammad is His
Servant and Messenger.”
Pillar One: Belief
Pillar Two: Prayer
Pillar 5: The Hajj