Download Chapter 10 Islam Notes - Cabarrus County Schools

THE MUSLIM
WORLD
The Rise Of Islam p263-265
• Arabian Peninsula- crossroads for 3 continents:
Europe, Africa, Asia
• trade routes of land/sea—exchange of ideas/
goods
• Arabs developed a ____________
nomadic lifestyle b/c
of the lack of arable land
• Bedouins- Desert nomads
The Prophet Muhammad
• As Mohammad
meditated in a
cave
____________
outside of the city of
Mecca
___________
the
angel Gabriel
appeared & told
him that he was to
be a messenger of
Allah
god (___________)
• Muhammad had
little
___________success
teaching about Allah;
• The ____________:
In 622,
Hijrah
Muhammad & his
followers moved to the
town of Yathrib (changed
Medina
to ____________“city of
the prophet”); is very
successful; returned to take
Mecca in
the city of __________
630 with 10,000 followers
Beliefs&PracticesOf Islam p267-268
• Islam literally means:
_______________________________________
Submission to the will of god
Muslim (one who submits)
• A member of Islam is a ___________
1 god, ______
Allah
• The main teaching of Islam is: there is ___
• Other Beliefs: in angels
– in a day of judgment
– god controls everything
– good/ evil
The Five Pillars of Islam:
•
•
•
•
•
1. Shahadah (Faith) to become a Muslim, one must testify the
following statement of faith: “There is no god but Allah &
Muhammad is his messenger”
2. Salah (Prayer) Muslims pray 5 times a day facing the city of
Mecca;
– a Mosque is an Islamic house of worship
3. Zakah (Alms) charity given to the poor; about 2 ½% income
4. Sawm (Fasting) during the holy month of Ramadan;
Muslims do not eat/drink between sun up/ sun down; this is to
remind them that their spiritual needs are greater than their
physicalneeds
5. Hajj (Pilgrimage) a religious journey to Mecca
Pork
Do not eat _________believe it is unclean
Do not drink __________
Alcohol
Friday
Holy day- __________
NO PRIEST OR CENTRAL
RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY
• Holy book- _________
Quran
• ________Sunna Muhammad’s example- the best model for
proper living; WWMD?
• _________Shari’a body of Islamic law that regulates the family
life, moral conduct, & business/ community life of
Muslims
•
•
•
•
Pause Here
• 3/4
– 1. What is the Arabic word for God?
– 2. List the 5 pillars of Islam & summarize what
they entail.
– 3. In what peninsula did Islam begin?
– 4. What do Muslims think about the Bible and
the Torah?
• FYI: QUIZ Thursday (it might be hard)
3/4 Warm up
1. What are the five pillars of Islam?
2. What does “Islam” Mean?
3. What is one new thing you learned about
Islam yesterday?
4. Draw three pictures that best summarize
Muhammad’s story.
Day 2: Islam Expands p269-272
• 632 Muhammad died without leaving a
successor
• Four “rightly guided” caliphs (leader) knew
Muhammad
• Abu-Bakr -used force to assert
authority of Islam
• Umar, Uthman, & Ali (next 3
“rightly guided” caliphs)
• Islamic soldiers on camels
expanded the Muslim empire
• By 750, the Muslim Empire stretched 6,000
miles
– (from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indus River
Valley)
Treatment of Conquered People
• Didn’t force conversion to Islam
• “People of the Book”:
Jews & Christians
___________________________________
– paid more in ______;
taxes exempt from __________
military
• Umayyad family came to power
– created a hereditary system of rule
– moved capital to Damascus
•
• Islam split into 3 sects:
• Shi’a: believed caliph didn’t need to know/be related
to Muhammad/ rightly guided caliphs
• Sunni: believed caliph should be related to
Muhammad/ rightly guided caliphs
• Sufi: a Muslim who seeks to
achieve direct contact with
god through mystical means
•
Muslim Culture p 273- 279
• The Rise of Muslim Cities (900)
– Baghdad*
900,000
– Constantinople*
400,000
– Codobal*
250,000
– Rome
50,000
– Paris
38,000
• Abbasid Dynasty moved the capital to Iraq
Social Classes
•
•
•
•
Upper Class: Muslims at birth
2nd Class: Converts to Islam
3rd Class: “People of the Book” (Jews & Christians)
Lowest Classes: Non Muslim/
slaves
Role of Women
• Mixed messages in the Quran
• Had more property/economic rights than
European women
• Responsibilities varied based on income
• Could participate in public life/education- led
increasingly isolated life
• All Muslim women do not have to cover their
face in public
Muslim Scholarship
• Muslims preserved
Europe
scholarship as ______________
fell into a period of chaos after the fall of the
Roman Empire
___________________
House of Wisdom
• __________________a
library, school,
translation center in Baghdad
• Advances made in Math, Science, Astronomy
1,2,3,4,5
• Arabic Numerals ex._________
Algebra
• Al-jabr=______________________
checks
• Writing _________
dates make to the Muslim
Empire
Islamic Art
• Quran forbade the depiction of living thing
b/c only Allah can create life
– Calligraphy- –the art of beautiful hand writing
– Geometric Patterns
“In the name of
Allah, most
merciful, most
kind”