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Seerah of The Prophet
Muhammad
The Messenger of Allah
Peace be upon him
The Message
The First Revelation
Read! In the Name of your Lord Who has
created (all that exists).
He has created man from a clot (a piece of
thick coagulated blood).
Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous.
Who has taught (the writing) by the pen.
He has taught man that which he knew not.
‫العلق‬
Interruption of Revelation
. ‫ حتى حزن رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وسلم‬، ‫• وفتر الوحي فترة‬
‫ البخاري‬:‫ عائشة المحدث‬:‫• الراوي‬
• Narrated 'Aisha: (the mother of the faithful believers): ….the
Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while, until it
saddened the Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him). AlBukhari
• Ibn Hajar said: ‘That (the pause of Allah's revelation for a few
days) was to relieve the Messenger of Allah of the fear he
experienced and to make him long for the Revelation.
• Most likely lasted for 6 months (some say 40 days).
Resumption of Revelation
‫ فقال في حديثه‬، ‫ وهو يحدث عن فترة الوحي‬، ‫• أن جابر بن عبد هللا األنصاري قال‬
‫ فإذا الملك الذي‬، ‫ فرفعت بصري‬، ‫ بينا أنا أمشي إذ سمعت صوتا من السماء‬:
‫ فرجعت‬، ‫ فرعبت منه‬، ‫جاءني بحراء جالس على كرسي بين السماء واألرض‬
‫ إلى قوله‬- ‫ قم فأنذر‬. ‫ { يا أيها المدثر‬: ‫ فأنزل هللا تعالى‬، ‫ زملوني زملوني‬: ‫فقلت‬
‫ البخاري‬. ‫ والرجز فاهجر } فحمي الوحي وتتابع‬• Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah: That he heard Allah's Apostle describing the
period of pause of the Divine Inspiration, and in his description he said,
"While I was walking I heard a voice from the sky. I looked up towards the
sky, and behold! I saw the same Angel who came to me in the Cave of Hira',
sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was so terrified by him
that I fell down on the ground. Then I went to my wife and said, 'Wrap me
in garments! Wrap me in garments!' They wrapped me, and then Allah
revealed: "O you, (Muhammad) wrapped-up! Arise and warn...and desert
the idols." (74.1-5) Abu Salama said....Rujz means idols." After that, the
Divine Inspiration started coming more frequently and regularly.
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
‫المدثر‬
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
‫المدثر‬
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Call for work and effort
“Rise!”
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
‫المدثر‬
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Call for dedication to
Allah and Tawheed
“Allah u Akbar”
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
‫المدثر‬
ُ ‫وفي الحديث أن الميت لَيُ َب َع‬
‫ث في ثيا ِبه أي في‬
َ َ‫ وفي سورة ال ُمدِثر وثِيَابَك ف‬.‫أعمال ِه‬
‫ط ِهر أي‬
‫قلبك وقيل عملك فأَص ِلح قيل ويُقال فالن طاهر‬
‫الثياب إذا وصفوهُ بطهارة النفس والنزاهة عن‬
)‫ (لسان العرب‬.‫العيب‬
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
‫المدثر‬
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Call for purification from
all physical and spiritual
filth and impurities
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
‫المدثر‬
‫والر ْجز القذر وعبادة األوثان والعذاب‬
ُّ ‫الر ْجز‬
ِ
)‫والش ْرك (لسان العرب‬
ِ
Call for abandoning all
Shirk and Sins that lead to
Allah’s wrath
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
‫المدثر‬
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Call for Sincerity and
selflessness.
‫اإلخالص‬
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
‫المدثر‬
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for
yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Call to practice patience
and be prepared for the
hardship to come .
The Message
O you enveloped (wrapped) in garments!
Arise and warn!
And magnify your Lord!
And purify your garments!
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!
Nor expect, in giving, any increase (for yourself)!
And be patient for the sake of your Lord!
Hard work and relentless
effort
Dedication to Allah and
Tawheed
Purification from all
physical and spiritual filth
and impurities
Abandoning all Shirk and
Sins that lead to Allah’s
wrath
‫المدثر‬
The way of life of
the Prophet for
the next 23 years
Sincerity and selflessness.
Patience and facing
hardship and adversity.
These meanings are
present in Salah
‫‪The First Muslims‬‬
‫‪• Khadijah:‬‬
‫‪The first believer‬‬
‫‪The first Muslim to learn and perform Salah‬‬
‫‪Revelations were recited in her house‬‬
‫‪The strongest and earliest supporter of the Prophet‬‬
‫–‬
‫–‬
‫–‬
‫–‬
‫• عن عائشة قالت‪ :‬كان النبي صلى هللا عليه وسلم إذا ذكر خديجة أثنى عليها بأحسن‬
‫الثناء قالت فغرت يوما فقلت ما أكثر ما تذكرها حمراء الشدقين قد أبدلك هللا خيرا‬
‫منها قال ما أبدلني هللا خيرا منها وقد آمنت بي إذ كفر بي الناس وصدقتني إذ‬
‫كذبني وآستني بمالها إذ حرمني الناس ورزقني هللا ولدها‪) ...‬ابن كثير‪-‬البداية و‬
‫النهاية)‬
The First Muslims
• Ali bin Abi Talib:
– The first believer amongst children, 10 years old.
– Raised in the house of the Prophet
• Zaid bin Haritha:
– The freed slave and adopted son of the Prophet
• The Daughters of the Prophet:
– Zainab, Ruqayah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah
The First Muslims
• Abu Bakr (Abdullah “Atiq” bin Abu Quhafah)
– The first believer amongst free men.
– A friend of the Prophet before revelation
– A noble man, respected merchant in Quraysh.
– Expert in Arabs’ Genealogy and History
– Known for his noble character, generosity and
manners
– 37 years old when he accepted Islam without
hesitation.
– Most active in inviting people to Islam
The First Muslims
• Abu Bakr (Abdullah “Atiq” bin Abu Quhafah)
‫إن هللا بعثني إليكم فقلتم كذبت وقال أبو‬...” ‫ قال النبي صلى هللا عليه وسلم‬:‫• عن أبي الدرداء‬
‫ البخاري‬... “‫بكر صدق وواساني بنفسه وماله‬
• The Prophet said, "Allah sent me (as a Prophet) to you (people) but
you said (to me), 'You are telling a lie,' while Abu Bakr said, 'He has
said the truth,' and consoled me with himself and his money."
‫قال رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وسلم إن من أمن الناس علي في‬:‫• عن أبي سعيد الخدري ك‬
‫ ولو كنت متخذا خليال من أمتي التخذت أبا بكر إال خلة اإلسالم‬.‫صحبته وماله أبا بكر‬
• "No doubt, I am indebted to Abu Bakr more than to anybody else
regarding both his companionship and his wealth. And if I had to take
a Khalil from my followers, I would certainly have taken Abu Bakr, but
the fraternity of Islam is sufficient.."
The First Muslims
• Abu Bakr moves with the call to Islam
– the First Group of Abu Bakr:
• Uthman bin Affan (34 yo)
• Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (17 yo)
• Abdur-Rahman bin Awf (30 yo)
• Az-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam (12 yo)
• Talha bin Ubaydellah (13 yo)
‫عثمان بن عفان‬
‫سعد بن أبي وقاص‬
‫عبد الرحمن بن عوف‬
‫الزبير بن العوام‬
‫طلحة بن عبيد هللا‬
The First Muslims
• Abu Bakr continues his calling to Islam:
• Sa’id bin Zaid
‫سعيد بن زيد‬
• Abu Ubaydah
‫ابو عبيدة بن الجراح‬
• Al-Arqam
‫األرقم بن أبي األرقم‬
• Uthman bin Math’un
• Ubayda bin Al-Harith
• Abu Salamh
‫عثمان بن مظعون‬
‫عبيدة بن الحارث بن عبد المطلب‬
‫أبو سلمة‬
The First Muslims
• Suhaib bin Sinan (Ar-Rumi)
• Abdullah bin Jahsh
• Ammar bin Yaser
• Abdullah bin Mas’ud
‫صهيب بن سنان الرومي‬
‫عبد هللا بن جحش‬
‫عمار بن ياسر‬
‫عبد هللا بن مسعود‬
• Bilal bin Rabah
‫بالل بن رباح‬
• Mus’ab bin Umair
‫مصعب بن عمير‬
• Others..
The First Muslims
• The Secret Phase: 3 years
– Selective Da’wah, people who are likely to
respond.
– Mostly chosen for their character and noble
manners
– A mixture of the elite in Quraysh and the poor
– Forty men and women, mostly from Quraysh
– Those were the dedicated and truthful early
community of Sahaba (As-Sabiqoon)
The First Muslims
• The Secret Phase: 3 years
– Secrecy of Da’wah: Important to protect the few
Muslims until their belief is strong enough to face
the onslaught of Quraysh.
– Salah was ordained from the very beginning.
(Tabari)
– Quran was received with understanding and deep
contemplation.
– Early revelation focused on Tawheed and Creed.
The House of Al-Arqam
– Headquarter of Early Islamic teaching.
• Learning directly from the Prophet
• Learning and studying in groups.
• Establishing the sense of community and
companionship.
The House of Al-Arqam
– The smart choice of the house:
• Al-Arqam was not known to be a Muslim or
among the closest people to the Prophet.
• Al- Arqam was young (16 yo) and unlikely to be
the host of such an important group.
• Al-Arqam is from Makhzoom, which is known
for its enmity to the new religion.
• Location on the Safa is isolated from the rest of
houses in Mecca and easy to access undetected
The First Muslims
• The Secret Phase: 3 years
– Quraysh did not pay much attention initially to the
call of Islam. (they thought that Muhammad was merely
a religious outcast like Quss bin Sa‘idah, ‘Amr bin Nufail and
their ilk)
– Quraysh started paying more attention as Islam
started spreading and the followers adhere to the
leadership and teachings of the Prophet
– Quraysh was alarmed by the content of the
message that threatened their way of life and
social order.
Quraysh
Ghalib bin Fihr bin Malek
Ka’b bin Lou’ay
Murrah
Taym
Abu Bakr
Al-Arqam
Hasis
Amr
Kilab
Makhzoom
Jamh
Zuhrah
Sa’d bin Abi
Waqqas
AbdrRahman bin
Awf
‘Ady
Qusay
Abdul-Uzza
Asad
Az-Zubair
AbduManaf
AbduShams
Umayyah
Uthman
Islam is spread in most clans of Quraysh
Uthman bin
Math’un
Sahm
Abdu-dDaar
Mus’ab bin
Umair
Sa’id bin
Zaid
Al-Mutalib
Hashem
AbdulMutalib
AbduAllah
Muhammad
The First Muslims
Characteristics of the First Muslims
By Al-‘Asr (the time).
Verily, man is in loss,
Except those who believe and do righteous
good deeds, and recommend one another
to the truth, and recommend one another
to patience.
Faith/Sincerity
‫اإلخالص اإليمان‬
Righteous Deeds
‫العمل الصالح‬
Patience
‫الصبر‬
Supporting Each
other
The First Muslims
Characteristics of the First Muslims
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. And
those who are with him are strong
against disbelievers, and merciful among
themselves. You see them bowing and
falling down prostrate (in prayer),
seeking Bounty from Allah and (His)
Good Pleasure.
Mercy
‫الرحمة‬
Remembrance of
Allah
‫الذكر و العبادة‬
‫الفتح‬
Prayers/Du’a
‫الدعاء‬
Humbleness
‫الخشوع‬
The First Muslims
And by the Mercy of Allah, you dealt with
them gently. And had you been severe
and harsh-hearted, they would have
broken away from about you; so pass
over (their faults), and ask (Allah's)
Forgiveness for them; and consult them
in the affairs. Then when you have taken
a decision, put your trust in Allah,
certainly, Allah loves those who put
their trust (in Him).
‫آل عمران‬
Mercy
‫الرحمة‬
The First Muslims
Verily, there has come unto you a Messenger
from amongst yourselves (i.e. whom you
know well). It grieves him that you
should receive any injury or difficulty.
He is anxious over you (to be rightly
guided); for the believers (he is) full of
pity, kind, and merciful.
Mercy
‫الرحمة‬
‫التوبة‬