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FrontPage: What is the most important thing you own? Could you give it up? Homework: None The Origin of Buddhism The Story of Siddhartha Gautama The History of Buddhism History Founded in N. India around 500BC Founder: Siddhartha Gautama Development: Ideas spread to south/southeast Asia, and to CHINA. Splits into two sects – Theravada and Mahayana Currently about 350 MILLION followers – 4TH largest religion in the world Origins of Buddhism Founded by Siddhartha Gautama – Became known as the “Buddha” (one who is awakened) – Born in 625BC in India; died in 545BC Was a chief’s son; a kshatriya – Was a Hindu originally The story of his life is the story of the beginning of Buddhism The History of Buddhism Where is Buddhism practiced? Mahamaya’s Dream Siddhartha’s Birthplace: Lumbini Siddhartha in the Palaces Siddhartha Discovers Suffering Siddhartha Searches for an Answer Siddhartha Lives the Life of an Ascetic The Enlightenment The Enlightenment Siddhartha Teaches His First Sermon The Death of Siddhartha FrontPage: NNIGN Homework: None Basic Beliefs Gods: Buddhism has no omnipotent, creator God **This is DIFFERENT FROM most major religions (Islam, Christianity, Judaism) Sacred Text: The Tripitaka, or “THREE BASKETS OF WISDOM Contain the discourses of Buddha, Buddhist theology, and rules for the higher class of Buddhists. Meditation: “MINDFULNESS” - the cultivation of a calm and positive state of mind Dukkha: – name given to SUFFERING which comprises all of existence; goal of life is to end suffering and reach Nirvana Nirvana: – (“ENLIGHTENMENT”) – state of perfect peace and happiness as a result of finding release from suffering, The Four Noble Truths The First Noble Truth is the EXISTENCE of suffering. – Birth is painful and death is painful; disease and old age are painful. Not having what we desire is painful and having what we do not desire is also painful. The Second Noble Truth is the CAUSE of suffering. – It is the craving desire for the pleasures of the senses. The Third Noble Truth is the END of suffering. – To be free of suffering one must extinguish this very craving, so that no desire remains. The Fourth Noble Truth leads to the ending of all pain by way of the 8 FOLD PATH THE EIGHT-FOLD PATH Right VIEW - You must accept the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Right INTENTIONS - You must renounce the pleasures of the senses; you must harbor no ill will toward anyone and harm no living creature. Right SPEECH - Do not lie; do not slander or abuse anyone. Do not indulge in idle talk. Right ACTION - Do not destroy any living creature; take only what is given to you. Right LIVELIHOOD - Earn your living in a way that will harm no one. Right EFFORT - You must strive to prevent any evil qualities from arising in you and to abandon any evil qualities you may possess. Right MINDFULNESS - Be observant, strenuous, alert, and free of desire. Right CONCENTRATION - When you have abandoned all sensuous pleasures, all evil qualities, both joy and sorrow, you must then enter the four degrees of meditation. THE FIVE PRECEPTS OF BUDDHISM Kill no living thing – positive counterpart is LOVE Do not steal – positive counterpart is GENEROSITY Avoid sexual misconduct – positive counterpart is CONTENTMENT Avoid false speech – positive counterpart is TRUTHFULNESS Do not drink /take drugs – positive counterpart is MINDFULNESS Stupa A mound-like or semi-hemispherical structure containing Buddhist relics, typically the ashes of Buddhist monks, used by Buddhists as a place of meditation. The 'Great Stupa' at Sanchi is the oldest stone structure in India and was originally commissioned by the emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BC. The main Stupa crowning Borobudur, the largest Buddhist structure in the world, Java, Indonesia.