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Download Mineral Formation 12/03/08
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Put your Lab on the books Mineral Formation 3-3 pgs. 68-71 •IN: Why are minerals important? 11/20/15 How do Minerals form? • Almost all minerals can be found in the Earth’s crust • Some minerals formed when a giant star exploded • Some minerals form here on the Earth • They form in many different environments under different physical and chemical conditions – Temperature, pressure, chemicals, water Why are Minerals Important? • Rocks are made of minerals. Example, • Granite – A rock composed of feldspar, mica, and quartz. Feldspar Mica Quartz Mineral Classification • Minerals are classified by their chemical composition. – What they are made of – Where they formed Two Types of Minerals • Silicates – Contain oxygen and silicon – Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust • Nonsilcates – Do not contain oxygen and silicon – Make up less than 10% of the Earth’s crust Properties of Minerals • Color • Luster • Streak • Cleavage and Fracture • Hardness • Density • Special Properties What is mined? Ore – a mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to be mined for profit. Mining • Mineral ores are nonrenewable resources. Mining Surface mining – the removal of minerals or other materials at or near the Earth’s surface. Mining Deep mining – the removal of minerals or other materials from deep within the Earth. Responsible Mining • Reclamation – the process of returning land to its original state after mining is completed. Unique Minerals Mica • Shiny and soft • Separate easily into sheets Unique Minerals Halite • Tastes salty Unique Minerals Magnetite • Magnetic •OUT: What are some ways we could reduce our need for mining?
