Download Geology II.

Geology II
Vocabulary
Erosion
• The wearing away of land, rock, or soil by
gravity, water, ice, and wind.
Topsoil
• The topmost layer of soil, composed primarily
of organic matter.
Subsoil
• The layer of soil beneath the topsoil.
Sedimentary Rock
• Rock formed from sediments that are pressed
together. (example- slate)
Metamorphic Rock
• Rock that has been changed due to pressure
and heat. (example- marble)
Igneous Rock
• Rock that has been formed by molten
magma or lava that has hardened.
(example- granite)
Bedrock
• A solid rock mass that is unweathered
(undisturbed by environmental conditions
on Earth’s surface)
Mountain
• Uplifted section of the surface of Earth that
is formed by the movement of two tectonic
plates and by volcanism, folding, and
faulting.
Fault-block Mountain
• A mountain formed when Earth’s crust is
pulled apart, resulting in blocks of crust
dropping down or being tilted.
Folded Mountain
• A mountain that is formed where plates move
into each other, causing layers of rock to
move up and warp or fold.
Dome Mountain
• A type of folded mountain that is shaped like
an upside-down bowl (dome).