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高中基础(2253期20150505) | 2版 Devastating Earthquake Rocks Nepal WHERE IS IT? Pre-reading Nepal • It is a landlocked country (内陆 国家) located in South Asia. It is bordered on the north by China, and on the east, west and south by India. • It covers an area of 147,181 square kilometers and has a population of more than 27 million. • Nepal has eight of the world’s ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on earth, Mount Everest. • Kathmandu is the nation’s capital and largest metropolis. 2 HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW ABOUT EARTHQUAKES? Pre-reading • Earthquakes are the result of a sudden release of energy in the earth’s crust (地壳). Most earthquakes are caused by movement of the earth’s tectonic plates (地壳版块). • An earthquake of Magnitude 3 or lower is weak and can hardly be felt. An earthquake of Magnitude 7 and over can potentially cause serious damage over large areas. • A large earthquake can cause tsunamis, landslides, and/or volcanic activities. • The most recent large earthquake is the one in Japan in March, 2011 (Magnitude 9.0). 3 Pre-reading THE EARTH’S TECTONIC PLATES 4 Pre-reading SCAN AND ANSWER Scan the article and tell what the following numbers indicate. the magnitude of the earthquake in Nepal the minimum number of people who lost their lives in the earthquake the distance between Lamjung, the epicenter, and Kathmandu, the capital, in kilometer the estimated number of the injured in the earthquake 5 While reading Word bank: One aftershock after another made buildings sway and sent panicked Kathmandu residents running into the streets … All the open spaces in Kathmandu are packed with people who are camping outdoors. aftershock n. 余震 sway v. (使)摇摆,摇动 panic v. (使)惊慌失措 be packed with 挤满了 6 While reading Word bank: Planeloads of supplies, doctors and relief workers from neighboring countries have arrived in the stricken areas. planeload n. 一飞机装载的量 supplies n. 补给品 relief workers 救助人员 neighboring country 邻国 stricken area 受灾区 7 While reading Word bank: The aid group World Vision said that many of the remote villages may have been completely buried by rock falls—“those villages, where constructions are largely built with stones and rocks, were totally unprepared for the level of destruction caused by the earthquake.” aid group 援助队伍 remote adj. 遥远的 construction n. 建筑物 be unprepared for … 对……毫无防备 While reading VOCABULARY EXERCISES Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in the box. panic relief construction destruction recognize 1. It was the most destructive __________ storm in half a century. 2. He put forward a constructive __________ suggestion at the meeting. panicked when they realized they 3. The children __________ were lost in the woods. recognized as a classic 4. Pride and Prejudice is widely __________ novel. relieve traffic jams 5. The new road was designed to __________ during rush hour. 9 VOCABULARY EXERCISES Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 那辆公共汽车上挤满了吵吵嚷嚷的小学生。(pack) The bus is packed with noisy pupils. 2. 与埃博拉(Ebola)病毒的抗争还远没有结束。(far from) The fight against the Ebola virus is far from over. 3. 暴风雨说来就来了,马路上的人都毫无准备。(unprepared) Everybody on the street was unprepared for the sudden storm. 4. 新的考试体系给老师和学生都加重了负担。(burden) The new examination system puts a burden on both the teachers and the students. 10 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 1. The 7.8-magnitude earthquake in Nepal caused ________. A. a tsunami B. a landslide C. an avalanche D. all the above 11 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the epicenter of the quake is near Kathmandu. B. All the residents in Kathmandu are camping outdoors in open spaces. C. The constructions in the remote villages hardly survived the earthquake. D. None of the above. 12 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 3. Which of the following statements can we infer from the article? A. The 7.8-magnitude earthquake was followed by two aftershocks. B. India, Bangladesh, China’s region of Tibet and Pakistan are all located near Nepal. C. All the victims of the quake were Nepali. D. Both the Dharahara Tower and the Kathmandu Valley were World Heritage sites. 13 While reading COMPREHENSION Answer the following question. 1. Describe the living conditions of the residents in Kathmandu after the massive earthquake. All the open spaces in the city are packed with people who are camping outdoors. One aftershock after another has spread fear among the crowd. Women and children can be heard crying. 14 While reading Answer the following question. 2. Why will the quake likely put a huge burden on the economy of Nepal? The economy of Nepal relies heavily on tourism, and many tourist attractions, such as the Dharahara Tower and the Kathmandu Valley, have been damaged in the earthquake. 15 GRAMMAR TIP Language study “The aftershocks keep coming ... so people don’t know what to expect,” said Sanjay Karki, Nepal country head for Mercy Corps, a global aid agency. ☞ 这个句子的主干是“… ,” said Sanjay Karki.。Nepal country head for Mercy Corps充当Sanjay Karki的同位语,对Sanjay Karki进行一定的补充注释;a global aid agency又充当了Mercy Corps的同位语,对Mercy Corps进行一定的补充注释。 此类句中的谓语动词始终与主语保持一致,不受同位语之 影响,比如: Rabindranath Tagore, the great Indian poet and philosopher, is the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize for literature. 16 YOUR TURN Language study I. Figure out the appositives of the following sentences from the article. 1. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the quake was centered near Lamjung, about 80 kilometers northwest of Kathmandu, the capital. 2. The nine-story Dharahara Tower, a Kathmandu landmark built in the 1800s and a world-recognized historical monument, was totally destroyed. II. Combine the sentences in each group using appositives. 1. Willie Sarkis was a concert pianist in his youth. Willie Sarkis now plays for the Berlin Philharmonic. Willie Sarkis, a concert pianist in his youth, now plays for the Berlin Philharmonic. 2. Lewis Carroll is the author of Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. Through the Looking-Glass is the sequel of Alice in Wonderland. Lewis Carroll was a math lecturer at Oxford University. Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice in Wonderland and its sequel, Through the Looking-Glass, was a math lecturer at Oxford University. After reading Question for further discussion. What should you do to protect yourself during an earthquake? Do a study on it with your classmates. Hints: • Get under—and hold onto—a desk or table, or stand against an interior wall. • Stay clear of exterior walls, glass, trees, power lines, light posts and signs. • Do not use the elevator. • Avoid panicking and do not rush for the exit. Stay low and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. 18