Download WeatheringandErosion[1]

True or False: The Earth’s surface
has stayed the same for
thousands of years
True or False: The Earth’s surface
has stayed the same for thousands of
years
The Earth’s surface is always
changing!
Weathering
The breakdown of the Earth’s crust into
smaller pieces.
Water causes weathering
What evidence of
weathering do you see
in this picture?
Wind causes weathering
Why wasn’t this mass
of land weathered
away?
What evidence of
weathering do you see
in this picture?
Ice & Heat cause weathering
Describe how ice/heat
cause weathering?
Erosion
The process of water, ice, wind or gravity
moving fragments of rock and soil.
What evidence of
erosion do you see in
this picture?
Erosion is Movement of
Sediment!
• Erosion is
gradually wearing
down the surface of
the earth.
• Erosion carves the
Earth's surface creating
canyons, gorges, and
even beaches.
What do you think has caused
this rock to look this way?
1) Wind Erosion
• As the wind blows
it picks up small
particles of
sand/sediment
and blasts large
rocks with the
abrasive particles,
cutting and
shaping the rock.
Wind Erosion
2) Water Causes Erosion
• runoff, rivers and, streams
1)
2)
3)
Canyons
This simple animation provides
you with a visualization of how the
Colorado River has "downcut"
into the rock layers of the Grand
Canyon.
Canyons are large
valleys created by a
river or stream.
How long it took to carve the
Grand Canyon is debated by
geologists.
Some estimates are between 6
and 8 million years,
which is very recent by
comparison.
3) Ice Causes Erosion
Glaciers wear down the
landscape; by picking up and
carrying debris that moves
across the land along with
the ice.
Ice Causes Erosion
Glaciers can pick up and carry sediment
that ranges in size from sand grains to
boulders bigger than houses !!!
Moving like a conveyor belt and a bulldozer, a single
glacier can move millions of tons of material!
4) Gravity causes erosion
Creep, Slump, Landslides, Mudslides, and Avalanches.
Slower
Faster
These are examples of mass movement
(or called mass wasting)
Did you know? Plants CAN
CAUSE weathering !!!
BUT, Plants CAN PREVENT
erosion.
The Candy Cane Lab!
• Materials:
• 1. One candy cane
• 2. Regular pencil and a red colored pencil
• 3. Lab experiment paper
• 4. Piece of waxed paper
Time to begin!
• 1. Draw the candy cane in box 1 on your lab
sheet. Scientific Illustration! (Color, size, etc.)
• 2. Unwrap your candy cane.
• 3. Place in your mouth, you may suck on it but
no biting or crunching !!! (No natural
disasters)
• 4. The timer will tell you when to take the
candy out of your mouth. Two minutes for
each box.
Draw
• Look closely at your candy cane. Draw the
candy cane in box 2. Be sure to draw the
changes.
•
•
•
•
Size
Color !!
Shape
texture
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNJe6hrdL3M&feature=youtube_gdata_player
Repeat 4 more times
1
2
3
4
5
6
Think
• How is your candy cane and a rock the same?
• Think about the pressure of sucking on your
candy cane .
• Think about the saliva and what it represents.
• What other elements of weathering were
present?
• How did your candy cane weather?
• Why?
• I hope you learned about weathering and
enjoyed the TASTY TREAT !
• Remember: Weathering is the breaking of a rocks
into smaller pieces.
• Erosion is the movement of those pieces from
one place to another!
• Make sure your name is on your paper.
• Turn in for your assessment on weathering.
Deposition
Rock particles that are picked up and transported
during erosion will ultimately be deposited
somewhere else
Deposition is the process by which sediments (small
particles of rock) are laid down in new locations.
• Together, Erosion and Deposition build new
landforms.
• Deltas
• Canyons
• Meanders
• Floodplains
Delta
Where rivers meet the
ocean is called the
mouth of the river.
Soil and dirt carried
by these rivers is
deposited at the
mouth, and new land
is formed. The new,
soil-rich land is known
as a Delta
Meanders
Meandering streams wander side to side as they
constantly seek out the lowest elevation.
This constant motion creates a series of S-shaped
“loops”.
Meanders
Stream Velocity varies from one side to the other side
of the “S”, resulting in erosion in some places and
deposition of sediments in others.
Floodplains
• Floodplains form along
the banks of mid-order
streams and larger rivers.
• These are low-lying
areas along the sides of
a river channel that have
regular times of heavy
waterflow to cause the
river to spill over and
flood the land.