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Minerals Earthquakes Earth’s Layers Rock Cycle Plate Tectonics 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Minerals $ 100 What property of a mineral is measured on a scale from 1 to 10? ANSWER: hardness Minerals $200 Silicate minerals contain a combination of what two elements? ANSWER: Silicon and oxygen Minerals $300 What is the name of this metallic luster mineral often confused with real gold? ANSWER: pyrite Minerals $400 Which mineral contains lead, has a high density, is cubic and has a metallic luster? ANSWER: galena Minerals $500 What are the FOUR characteristics of a mineral? ANSWER: 1. Natural 2. Solid 3. Non-living (inorganic) 4. Repeating chemical formula (crystal structure) Earthquakes $100 What is the name of the location where an earthquake releases energy within the crust, along a fault line? ANSWER focus Earthquakes $200 Which seismic wave exists only at the epicenter of very powerful earthquakes? ANSWER: L (surface) waves Earthquakes $300 What is the method used to locate an epicenter using distances from a seismic station? ANSWER: triangulation Earthquakes $400 What is the name of the scale that uses eyewitness accounts to measure the intensity of an earthquake? ANSWER: Mercalli Scale Earthquakes $500 What TWO pieces of information from a seismogram are needed to determine the Richter scale magnitude of an earthquake? ANSWER: S & P lag time AND Height of the S wave Earth’s Layers $100 Which layer of the earth is solid due to tremendous pressure? ANSWER: Inner core Earth’s Layers $200 Which type of crust is less dense and thicker (ocean crust or continental crust)? ANSWER: Continental crust Earth’s Layers $300 Which layer of the earth is mostly made of liquid iron and nickel? ANSWER: Outer core Earth’s Layers $400 Lithospheric plates are made up of which two layers of the earth? ANSWER: Crust and top of mantle Earth’s Layers $500 What do we use to learn about the outer and inner core of the earth? ANSWER: Earthquake (seismic) waves Rock Cycle $100 What type of rock is created from the cooling of magma or lava? ANSWER: Igneous rock Rock Cycle $200 What type of rock is created from the compaction and cementation of particles? ANSWER: Sedimentary rock Rock Cycle $300 What process moves sediments from their original source to a new location? ANSWER: erosion Rock Cycle $400 What breaks down rock on the surface of the earth? ANSWER: weathering Rock Cycle $500 Name the FIVE agents of erosion. ANSWER: Running water Wind Waves Glaciers Gravity Plate Tectonics $ 100 What is the name of the transform boundary along the west coast of North America that causes many earthquakes? ANSWER: San Andreas fault line Plate Tectonics $ 200 What type of plate boundary exists when plates collide together? ANSWER: Convergent Plate Tectonics $ 300 What land form exists on plate boundaries at the bottom of the ocean where new ocean crust is being created? ANSWER: Mid-ocean ridges Plate Tectonics $ 400 What landform gets created above sea level when two oceanic plates collide? ANSWER: Volcanic island arc Plate Tectonics $ 500 What is the name of the circular pattern of material in the mantle that scientists think cause the plates to move? ANSWER: Convection Currents