Download Introduction to Rocks

Welcome to Science 11/1
 Put your name on your paper. Divide it into 4 sections as
shown below. This is your 1st quarter evaluation. Answer each
question honestly, this will help make class better for you.
What do you like best
about this class?
What activity/procedure
that we do on a regular
basis helps you learn
best?
What is one thing you
would change to help
make this class better?
What is one thing you
need to do differently in
order to improve your
grade this quarter?
4. HW Assignment
5. Do not forget-Online Volcano Test
Due Friday: 416731
Review (Earth’s Layers)
 Earth’s layers can be categorized in two ways: Compositon
and
 Crust
 Mantle
 Core
Physical
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer Core
Inner Core
Review (Plates)
 Earth’s lithosphere is broken up into several massive pieces
called tectonic plates that move on top of the
asthenosphere (upper mantle)
Review (Convection Currents)
 Convection Currents in the Mantle cause Earth’s plates to
move. These currents are caused by heat from the core.
 The higher the temp. the lower the density.
Review (plate movement)
 Plates move in three different ways:
 1. converge (come together) 2. diverge (move apart) 3.
transform (slide past each other)
Review (plate movement effects)
 When Earth’s plates move several process can happen such
as: sea-floor spreading, subduction, mountain building,
faulting, earthquakes, and volcanoes.
Review
 All of the concepts we have learned to this point are closely
related to each other.
 These science concepts are like a puzzle: All of the “pieces”
work together to make something bigger.
 The concepts are also an example of cause & effect. When
one process occurs another process will occur in return.
WELCOME BACK TO SCIENCE 1/2
 Open your books to page 80 and begin filling in the
definitions for the words on the left side of the 2Column Chart.
 Today’s Schedule
 1. Definitions
 2. Experiment of the Day
 3. Notes/Discussion Ch. 4 Section 1
 4. HW Assignment ???
EXPERIMENT of THE DAY
 You are eating at a restaurant when you spill your glass
of water on an empty plate. The server comes by to
help you clean it up, but before the water gets cleaned
up, the server says that he will give you your meal for
free if you can get the water back into the glass with
out lifting the plate up. He says you can use the lemon
that was in your water and matches.
What do all of these things have in
common?


They are all made of
rock?
Why are rocks important?
Since the beginning of human existence, we have
depended on them.
How did rock form on Earth?
 Not only do we rely on rock for tools and construction, but
Earth’s crust, which supports human life, is made of solid
rock.
 So, how did Earth’s crust form?
 The early Earth was originally a giant ball of magma & lava.
As Earth cooled down, some of the magma & lava hardened
to form Earth’s crust.
 Early Earth
Ch. 4 Section 1: Understanding Rock
 What is rock?
 A solid mixture of minerals.
 Why is it important?
 We live on rock and we use rock for many things.
The Rock Cycle
 The processes that can change rocks into different types of
rocks.
What do all of these items have in
common?
Rock Classification
 Composition- What something is made of. The minerals a
rock is made of determines its composition.
 A rocks color is an indication of the rock’s mineral
composition.
Rock Classification
 Some rocks are smooth and shiny. Others are rough and dull.
What do geologists call the look and feel of a rock’s surface?
 Texture
 Fine Grained-Medium Grained-Coarse Grained
What are the 3 major groups that geologists
classify rocks into?
 1. Igneous
 2. Sedimentary
 3. Metamorphic
Igneous Rock
 Igneous rock- form
from the cooling of
magma or lava.
 Can form on or
beneath Earth’s
surface.
 igneous rock song Google Video
Sedimentary Rock
 Sediment- small, solid
pieces of material that
come from rocks or
living things.
 Most sedimentary
rocks are formed
through a series of
processes.
From Sediment to Rock
 Erosion- running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry
away fragments of rock.
From Sediment to Rock
 Deposition- the process by which sediment settles
out of the water or wind carrying it.
From Sediment to Rock
 Compaction- the process that presses sediments
together.
From Sediment to Rock
 Cementation- process by which sediments are glued
together and hardened.
Metamorphic Rock
 Metamorphic rock- created when heat and pressure
deep beneath Earth’s surface change any rock into
metamorphic rock.

HowStuffWorks Videos "Basics of Geology: Metamorphic Rock"
Homework Options
 Complete the Ch. 5 Worksheet
 Write a poem or song about the 3 types of rocks.
(Must tell what the three types of rock are and how
they are formed. Poem or song must be
appropriate and make sense.)
 Illustrate one of each of the types of rock and write
a short paragraph describing what they are and
how they formed.
(Illustrations must be detailed, match the shape,
color and features of the rocks.)