Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ch 19: Diversity of Protists
Document related concepts
Transcript
Ch 19: Diversity of Protists Kingdom Protista Eukaryotes that are not animals, plants or fungi. They share some but not all of the features of plants, animals, and fungi. They can be single celled or multi cellular, microscopic or large Types of Protists Divided into three broad categories: Animal-like protists Plant-like protists Fungus-like protists Animal-like Protists Also known as Protozoa Unicellular but move around, consume other organisms, and have no chloroplasts Protozoa with Flagella Zooflagellates- have one or more flagella Flagella are tail-like structures that help unicellular organisms swim Heterotrophic Over 2000 species of zooflagellates exist. Protozoa with Pseudopods - Means fake foot Temporary extension of cytoplasm and cell membrane that helps protozoa move and feed **Amoebas are protists with pseudopods Protozoa with Cilia Ciliates have cilia- short, hair-like structures that cover some or all of the cell surface Help cell swim or capture food Over 8000 species of ciliates **Example = Paramecium Some Cause Infectious Diseases Phylum Apicomplexa includes 4000 parasitic species Malaria is an example of a disease caused by protozoan Plasmodium Malaria results in fever, vomiting, kidney and liver malfunction, and if not treated coma and death Giardia Caused by Giardia zooflagellate Causes intestinal disease from drinking water contaminated with feces of infected animals Plant-like Protists Single celled or multicellular Don’t have roots, stems, leaves, specialized tissues Examples: Phytoplankton = single celled (provide about 1/2 of the oxygen in the atmosphere) Volvox= live in colonies Mulit-cellular include seaweeds and kelps Algae Photosynthetic plantlike protist Green, brown and red algae Algal Blooms A. Caused by large input of a limiting nutrient (due to runoff from fertilized fields) the result is an increase in the amount of algae and other producers. Green, yellowish-brown, or red color B. More nutrients available = more producers can grow and reproduce. This sudden increase in producers can disrupt the equilibrium of ecosystems (throw them off balance) Algal Blooms C. Why are they harmful? As more algae and plants grow, others die. This dead matter = food for bacteria that decompose it. With more food available, the bacteria increase in number and use up the oxygen in the water. Oxygen supply decreases and many fish and aquatic insects cannot survive. This results in a dead area. Diversity of Plantlike Protists Euglena- large single-cells that swim with the aid of 1 or 2 flagella Can have animal and plant features Pellicle (flexible covering on their cell surface that allows cell to change shape) Dinoflagellates- single cells (90% marine plankton) 2 flagella (one in front and one in back) Some are bioluminescent Produce light through a series of chemical reactions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5ESHXKGBvA Red Tides D. Harmful algal blooms in oceans that cause harm through the production of toxins Diatoms tiny single celled algae covered in patterned glasslike shells https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= zsdYOgTbOk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ci bGFo0RHIw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7 pR7TNzJ_pA Amoeba https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ps YpngBG394 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a
