Download What type of cell is found in Bacteria and Archaea?

What type of cell is found in Bacteria and
Archaea?
prokaryotic
What cell type do all creatures besides Bacteria
and Archaea have?
eukaryotic
Define the term species and explain why
a mule is not an example of a species?
A species is a collection of individuals
capable of successfully interbreeding
and producing fertile offspring. A mule
is not capable of reproducing
List the following about bacteria: cell
type_________, number of cells per creature
____Reproduction methods_________________,
Feeding Methods _______________ Important
Cell Wall Ingredient
Procaryotic
1
Asexual/conjugation
Photosynthesis/chemosynthesis
peptidolycan
What are the three main shapes of bacteria
cells and the three main living arrangements of
bacteria?
Cocci
Round
Diplo
Pairs
Bacilli
Rod
Staphxlo
Cluster
Spirilli
Spiral
Strepto
chains
What is the difference in terms of the cell wall contents
between a Gram Positive Bacteria and a Gram Negative
Bacteria?
Gram Positive Bacteria have lots of _ in the cell wall while
Gram Negative Bacteria have very little __ in the cell wall.
Peptidoglycon
Peptidoglycon
After Gram staining what color do Gram
Positive cells look?
purple
After Gram staining what color do Gram
Positive cells look?
pink
What are four main features used to
identify bacteria species?
Shape
Cell wall structure
Food source
RNA sequences
Why can’t bacteria reproduce sexually?
They lack a true nuclei
What happens basically when bacteria reproduce by
conjugation? How many bacteria does conjugation
start with and how many does conjugation end with?
More than one cell may be created –
part or all of the genetic material is
transferred to a cell the cell then
divides by binary fission creating more
cells
What basically happens when bacteria
reproduce asexually
Binary fission – genetic material is
reproduced (copied) and the cell
divides into two
What is an endospore? When would a capable
bacteria create an endospore?
It is a seed like structure containing
DNA – it is dormant and is produced
during unfavorable conditions- will
come to life during favorable conditions
What is the name of the “jello” like
material used to grow bacteria on?
agar
What geometric shape do bacteria colonies
grow in?
Diplo pairs
Staphlo – clusters
Strepto - chains
What are antibiotics? What creatures can
antibiotics kill?
Agents that can work to prevent
bacteria from growing. They kill
bacteria.
What is antibiotic resistance? How does
antibiotic resistance occur?
Changes that make antibiotics
ineffective. Genetic mutations
give rise to antibiotic resistance.
Relate the story of the accidental discovery of
antibiotics.
Alexander Flemming – working an a bacteria
noticed that a penecillin mould prevented the
bacteria from growing
Penicillin notatum – bacteria staphyloccus
Principle of limited sloppiness
What are some of the extreme environments
that members of the Kingdom Archaea live in?
Hot springs
Alkaline/acidic waters
Volcanoes
Hot coal
Rock deep in the earth
Name three differences and two similarities
between Kingdom Bacteria and Kingdom
Archaea?
Cell wall different structures
Cell wall different chemical composition
Different genes
Both move via flagella
Both have 3 shapes
Where do the following types of Archaea live
and what do they do (See text page 138)?
Methanogens
Halophil
Thermoacidophiles
Methanogens – methane producing – oxygen free environment
Salt loving – extremely saline environments
Heat/ acid loving – extremely hot and acidic environments
Name three ways that Archaea and Bacteria
either harm or benefit humanity?
(See pgs 136-139)
What do the following words mean? (See page
134 in textbook)
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Facultative Anaerobe
Thermophile
Aerobic – with oxygen
Anaerobic – without oxygen
Facultative anaerobic – with or without
Thermophile – temp above 50 degrees
What does a taxonomist do?
What were the two Kingdoms in Aristotle’s
classification system called?
Plantae
Anamalia
What Kingdom did Ernst Haeckel add?
protista
Who is credited with the development of
the 5 kingdom system of classification?
What are the names of the three domains and
six kingdoms used in the present system of
classification?
How are these kingdoms and domains
organized?
Kingdoms – protista, anamalia,
plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea
Domains – eukaryote, archaea,
bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria
Protista
Archaea
Bacteria
Fungi
Anamalia
Plantae