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Bio-Jeopardy
Chapter 16
Prokaryotes and Viruses
Diverse
Prokaryotes
Functions
of Prok.
Disease
Viruses
10
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20
30
30
30
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40
Diverse Prokaryotes for 10
Name the two Domains of prokaryotes.
1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
Diverse Prokaryotes for 20
What are the three physical characteristics
used to classify bacteria?
1. Cell shape
2. Cell wall structure
3. Motility
Diverse Prokaryotes for 30
Since binary fission is a form of asexual
reproduction, explain the 3 ways that
bacteria can increase genetic variation.
Transformation – bacteria take up pieces of
DNA from their environment
Conjugation – 2 bacterial cells join and
exchange genetic material
Transduction – genes from one bacteria are
injected to a different bacteria by a virus
Diverse Prokaryotes for 40
How does knowing if a bacteria is gram
positive or gram negative help a doctor
prescribe an antibiotic?
Some antibiotics are made to kill gram +
bacteria, some kill gram – bacteria, and some
kill both types (broad spectrum or gram
neutral). If a doctor knows the type of bacteria
they can prescribe the most effective antibiotics
and limit the chances of leaving antibiotic
resistant bacteria behind.
Functions of Prokaryotes for 10
Define bioremediation and give two
examples.
Bioremediation is the use of organisms to
remove pollutants from water, air, and
soil.
1. Sewage treatment
2. Cleaning up oil spills
3. Make vitamins & antibiotics
Functions of Prokaryotes for 20
Name a bacteria that restores oxygen to the
atmosphere through photosynthesis.
Cyanobacteria
Functions of Prokaryotes for 30
Explain the role prokaryotes play in nitrogen
recycling.
Some bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air
to nitrogen compounds in the soil. Plants use
the “fixed” nitrogen to make proteins and
nucleic acids.
Functions of Prokaryotes for 40
How do prokaryotes recycle carbon?
Some prokaryotes are decomposers. They
break down dead material returning carbon
to the soil and the air.
Disease for 10
Define pathogen
A pathogen is a bacterium or other
microorganism that causes disease.
Disease for 20
Give three examples of how humans defend
against bacterial infection.
1. Washing hands
2. Careful food preparation
3. Increased water quality
4. Skin and mucous linings
5. antibiotics
Disease for 30
Describe two ways in which bacteria can
cause illness and give an example of each.
1. Invasion of tissues and destroying cells –
tuberculosis.
2. Production of poisons –
botulism/salmonella
Disease for 40
Use the data table to answer the following
questions. Which disc is the control?
Bacteria A is gram +, B is gram -, Which
antibiotic should be used against each
bacteria?
Control = 2
Disc 3 kills
bac A, Disc 1
kills Bac B
best.
Bac. A
Bac. B
Disc. 1
8 mm
7 mm
Disc. 2
0 mm
0mm
Disc. 3
15 mm
1 mm
Viruses for 10
Define vaccine and give two examples.
Vaccines are deactivated (dead or weakened)
varieties of pathogens that stimulate the
immune system to defend (create antibodies)
against the actual pathogen.
Polio/measles/chicken pox/flu/mumps, etc.
Viruses for 20
Explain what a retrovirus is and give one
example.
A retrovirus makes DNA from RNA (the
reverse of the usual DNA to RNA flow). An
example of a retrovirus is HIV.
Viruses for 30
How is a viral infection different from a
bacterial
Viruses invade cells and use the cells
machinery to make more viruses. Most
bacteria either produce toxins or destroy
tissue.
Viruses for 40
Diagram the lytic and lysogenic cycle.
A. Ovule – produces egg cells
B. Ovary – base of carpel becomes the fruit
C. Style – leads from stigma to ovary, pollen
tube grows through the style
D. Stigma – sticky tip of carpel, collects pollen
E. Anther – produce pollen
F. Sepal – protects bud before it opens
G. Petal – attracts pollinators